Alimentary Canal
Mechanical AND chemical digestion begins in the
mouth
The ___ produces bile for fat digestion.
liver
____ _____begins digestion in the mouth.
Salivary amylase
A ___ is a moistened ball of food created by the mouth when food mixes with saliva and mucus. Delicious.
bolus
The ____ includes all of the good bacteria that live in our gut.
microbiome
The ____ functions in water reabsorption and the production/absorption of vitamins
large intestine
The ____ stores bile until it is needed to digest fats.
gallbladder
_____ digests proteins in the stomach.
Pepsin
The churning of the stomach and the addition of HCl, water and enzymes to food produces this watery mixture.
chyme
Digestion is controlled neurologically by the _____ branch of the autonomic nervous system.
parasympathetic
Villi and microvilli in the _____ increase surface area for absorption.
small intestine
The _____ secretes an amylase to complete digestion in the small intestine.
pancreas
____ is a pancreatic enzyme that digests fats in the small intestine.
Lipase
___ are folds in the stomach walls that allow the stomach to expand when food enters.
Rugae
Proteins are digested into their building blocks or monomers called _____.
amino acids
The ____ includes the epiglottis that closes off the entrance to the windpipe when swallowing.
pharynx
Salivary glands secrete amylase to digest starch into ____, a disaccharide.
maltose
____ is a hormone secreted by the stomach that signals the stomach to produce gastric acid.
Gastrin
Stored form of glucose in the liver.
Glycogen
Chemical reaction that adds water to the bonds in macromolecules to break them down during digestion.
Hydrolysis
____ tubes in the pharynx connect the ears to the throat and allow you to equalize pressure in the ears.
Eustachian
The liver helps break down red blood cells, producing this waste product in the process--it is a pigment that provides bile with its dark color.
bilirubin
____ is an enzyme produced by the pancreas to complete protein digestion in the small intestine.
Trypsin or chymotrypsin
___ is a hormone that stimulates the pancreas to produce alkaline secretions to neutralize stomach acid before it enters the small intestine.
Secretin
___ is wave-like, smooth muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract.
Peristalsis