The Modern Age
Name one historical event used by historians to mark the beginning of the Modern Age.
The capture of Constantinople (1453) or the discovery of America (1492)
Which country began exploring the African coast in the 15th century?
Portugal
What type of monarchy replaced feudal monarchies?
Authoritarian monarchies
Which economic activity continued to dominate in the 16th century?
Agriculture
What social system based on estates continued during this period?
Estate-based society
Which event in 1453 closed important trade routes to Asia?
The capture of Constantinople by the Turks
Who promoted Portuguese exploration along the African coast?
Herny the Navigator
What is the name of the new political system created in this period?
The Modern State
What was the system where peasants worked at home with materials from a merchant?
The putting-out system
Which estates were privileged?
The nobility and the clergy
Which event in 1492 began European overseas expansion?
The discovery of America by Christopher Columbus
Which treaty divided the world between Castile and Portugal?
The Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)
Mention two ways kings strengthened their power.
Controlled the nobility; limited town autonomy; created bureaucracy; introduced taxes; created standing armies
Which trade route became more important than Mediterranean trade?
Atlantic trade
Which social group became rich through trade, business, and banking?
The bourgeoisie
Which historical event marks the end of the Modern Age?
The French Revolution (1789)
Which explorer reached India by sailing around Africa in 1498?
Vasco da Gama
Name two countries where strong authoritarian monarchies developed.
France, England or the Iberian Peninsula
What type of capitalism developed first in the Modern Age?
Commercial capitalism
Which group formed the majority of the non-privileged population?
The peasantry
Name the three centuries included in the Modern Age.
16th, 17th, and 18th centuries
Which expedition completed the first circumnavigation of the world?
Magellan and Elcano’s expedition (1519-1522)
Who wrote 'The Prince'?
Niccolò Machiavelli
What accounting system records every transaction twice?
Double-entry bookkeeping
How did peasants’ conditions differ between Western and Eastern Europe?
Improved in Western Europe; worsened and tied to the land in Eastern Europe