BRAIN FUNCTION AND BEHAVIOUR
What brain structure is correlated with self-esteem?
The hippocampus.
What is internal locus of control?
Believing that one’s behavior is determined by personal efforts.
What does morality relate to?
Understanding what is right and wrong.
What characterises the authoritarian personality?
High respect for authority and intolerance towards others.
What does self-esteem relate to
How much we value ourselves.
The area of the brain activated during moral decision-making?
The ventromedial prefrontal cortex.
Provide an example of internal locus of control in an academic setting
Blaming oneself for not studying enough after failing an exam.
How does high morality affect pro-social behavior
Individuals with high morality tend to display higher pro-social behavior.
Who conducted research on the authoritarian personality?
Adorno et al. (1950).
Who theorised the concept of self-concept and ideal self?
Carl Rogers.
How does hippocampal volume relate to self-esteem in individuals
Higher hippocampal volume is associated with higher self-esteem and internal locus of control.
How do people with external locus of control explain their failures?
They attribute them to luck or external factors.
How did Kohlberg's findings relate to Milgram's study?
Participants with higher moral reasoning were better able to resist immoral orders.
What traits are often associated with individuals who have an authoritarian personality?
Fixed beliefs and intolerance.
Individuals with low self-esteem are likely to conform for what reason
To fit in and be liked (compliance).
How do individuals with low self-esteem typically respond to opposition?
They are likely to conform to fit in or because they doubt their beliefs.
Why might individuals with high external locus of control be more easily influenced
They rely more on others and external factors for decision-making.
What effect does high morality have on an individual's likelihood to conform to group behaviour?
Individuals with high morality are less likely to conform to immoral group actions.
How does an authoritarian personality affect obedience levels?
They are more likely to obey authority figures and give higher shocks in experiments.
How does a large gap between self-concept and ideal self affect self-esteem?
It results in low self-esteem.
How do dispositional factors like brain function impact social influence?
Individual traits can affect conformity and obedience, but other factors may also play a role.
How does locus of control influence conformity in crowds?
Those with external LOC are more likely to conform and follow the crowd.
How does morality influence obedience in social situations
Higher moral awareness can lead to lower obedience to immoral commands.
What variation did Milgram find in his studies regarding authoritarian participants
Authoritarian individuals administered higher levels of shocks than non-authoritarian ones.
How does high self-esteem influence conformity?
Individuals are less likely to be influenced by others.