Historical Foundations
What are examples of a Primary AND Secondary source?
Answers May Vary
What is an object made by a human being, typically an item of cultural or historical interest?
Artifact
What is Agriculture?
Cultivating the soil for crops
What is a warrior who explores and defeats and destroys enemies for Spain in the Americas called
Conquistadors
What was John Locke's "Natural Rights"
Life Liberty Property
What is the difference between a Provincial colony and a Charter colony?
Provincial colony= funded and run by king
Charter colony= Funded and run by company/investors
Who were the group of farmers that trained once a month to be ready to fight at a minutes notice?
The Minutemen
What is the Constitution?
a document that serves as the fundamental law of the country and the second attempt at a governing document
What major river system did the US acquire in the Louisiana purchase
The Mississippi
Who was the Shawnee chief that tried to unite all Native American tribes under the "Pan Indian Nation"?
Tecumseh
What is an abolitionist?
Someone who sought to destroy slavery in the United States
What were the major advantages of the North
over 2x the railroad tracks
2x as many factories
more guns, ammo, etc…
balanced economy between farming & industry
more $$$
existing army & navy
existing G’vt
much larger population
Describe the value of context in when looking at history?
Knowing the historical context of a text can help the reader better understand the overall meaning of the text and its details.
What is a physical feature?
any naturally created part of the land by nature
What ancestral Native American land is AA Kingston on?
Mohawk
What are the 3 G's?
God Gold Glory (Genocide)
What is a Cash Crop?
A plant that is grown and sold for money in large quantities
Describe how mercantilism works
more land + more trade + more $$$ = more wealth & power
What document told the world that the 13 colonies were now their own nation?
The Declaration of Independence
Why is our Legislative Branch a bicameral congress?
There are 2 different houses, the senate and the house of representatives
What country did Jefferson purchase the Louisiana territory from?
France
Who did Tecumseh fight for in the war of 1812?
Canada
What is the name of the former slave that led over 500 slaves from the deep south to Rochester and on to Canada using the Underground Railroad?
Harriet Tubman
What are the major advantages of the South
7 out of 8 of nation’s military colleges in South
majority of trained officer’s were from South
Knowledge of their home turf
What is the importance of knowing POV when looking at a source?
Every person has their own perspectives which can influence how they interpret, see, and understands events. These depend on their age, gender, social position, beliefs, and values.
What is the middle most Longitude of the earth?
The Prime Meridian
What are the 3 Sisters in agriculture?
Corn Beans Squash
Which principle was established by the Magna Carta in 1215?
Rule of law for citizens & the King
What was the name of Britain's first Successful Colony?
Jamestown
What is the Stamp Act?
Imposed a tax on all papers and official documents in the American colonies called?
Who crossed the Delaware to surprise the hessian mercenaries
Georgie and the BOIS
What are the Articles of Confederation?
The first constitution of the 13 independent American colonies, had a weak central government
What presidential power did Jefferson use to purchase the Louisiana territory right away?
Executive Order
What 4 major cities are stops along the Erie Canal?
Albany, Syracuse, Rochester, Buffalo
Who is John Brown
haha bro, a crazy dude man. A crazy dude
What was the bloodiest battle of the civil war (American Military History)
Antietam
The law of Superposition
In layers of soil, the oldest artifacts are on the bottom and the youngest ones are on top
What do you call a slow moving sheet of Ice that changes the land as it moves very slowly overtime?
A Glacier
What is the process where forests are burned and cleared for planting called?
Slash and Burn
What were the Dutch looking for in the Americas?
The Northwest Passage
Who brought Tobacco to Jamestown and saved the colony?
John Rolfe
Describe what a boycott
The agreement of many individuals to stop buying and selling goods or services from certain places
What was the name of the network of spy's that were led by George Washington?
The Culper Spy Ring
What is the Bill of Rights?
triple points (name every amendment)
the first 10 Amendments to the Constitution that spells out Americans' rights in relation to their government
How old was Sacajawea on the journey?
16 (and also pregnant)
In the Election of 1828, what political tactic did Andrew Jackson and John Quincy Adams use against each other to destroy their reputations?
Mudslinging
What was the major economy of the South?
Plantation/slavery
What did the emancipation proclamation do?
4 million men, women and children held in slavery were to be free. African Americans could serve the union and fight for their freedom
Briefly describe how cause and effect work in history?
Use a specific example from this year
the ripples of one event can directly lead to another.
taxes = revolution
Triangle trade = disease+ slavery
ect.
What is a large rock moved by a glacier
A Glacial Erratic
What is the name of the Aztec capital city?
Tenochtitlan
How did Cortes ensure the loyalty of his soldiers?
What is Representative Democracy?
Individuals are elected to represent the needs and wants of the people who elected them
Describe the events of the Boston Massacre
Tensions rose between the colonists and the British soldiers in the town square of the Boston commons. Someone fired a shot, and colonists were killed.
Where did the American soldiers and the french fleet surround General Cornwallis and defeat the British?
Yorktown
Describe the 3/5th's compromise?
every enslaved American would be counted as three-fifths of a person for taxation and representation purposes
Describe the ways in which Sacagawea helped to save the Journey of Louis and Clark?
pretty much just carried the team and her no good husband lol
Describe in detail the conditions for the Cherokee on the Trail of Tears
Pretty flippin bad man...pretty bad
What was John Bell's campaign slogan in the election of 1860?
"I simply want..................to preserve the union."
What battle formation was responsible for the Union victory at Gettysburg
The Fish-hook formation
What is an Artifact?
A human-made object that can be used to learn about a culture or historical period
What is a large gap in the land left behind by the weathering of a massive ice sheet called?
Glacial Valley
what does the name "Haudenosaunee" mean?
the people who built the longhouse
Which principle was established by the Magna Carta in 1215?
Rule of law for citizens & the King
Explain the Social Contract Theory
Government is an agreement or contract between the rulers and its people.
People would need to agree to give up some freedoms so that they can be protected by the government.
What was the name of the group of organized resistance leaders who protested British taxes in Boston?
Sons of Liberty
What was the name of the group of organized resistance leaders who protested British taxes in Boston?
Sons of Liberty
What is the proper step by step process to make a law?
Idea-call congressmen-draft bill-propose bill-go through HOR-go through Senate- approved by pres. (unless vetoed)- law
Why did Alexander Hamilton want to establish a national bank?
To create a stable financial system and manage national debt
Why did President Andrew Jackson oppose the Second Bank of the United States?
He thought it only helped rich investors and hurt average citizens
This woman helped hundreds of enslaved people escape to freedom using the Underground Railroad.
Harriet Tubman
This woman was a nurse during the Civil War and later founded the American Red Cross.
Clara Barton
What is the difference between latitude and longitude?
latitude measures how far north or south a location is from the equator, while longitude measures how far east or west a location is from the prime meridian
Name the 5 themes of Geography
location, place, human-environment interaction, movement, and region
In the context of the Peacemaker story, what is the significance of the wampum belt?
Wampum belts were created to symbolize the agreement of peace and unity among the Five Nations, as taught by the Peacemaker.
What was the primary goal of the Spanish Inquisition?
To enforce Catholic orthodoxy
How did the French and Indian war contribute to Increased Taxation?
F&I War made Britain Bankrupt. They fit the bill by increasing the taxes of the colonies
What was the Quartering Act?
Allows British soldiers to live in the colonist's homes and be fed and paid for by homeowners
What was the name of the continental general that tried to hand over West Point to the British?
Benedict Arnold
Why did Alexander Hamilton want to establish a national bank?
To create a stable financial system and manage national debt
Who did Jefferson purchase the Louisiana territory from and how much did it cost?
Napoleon for 15 Million
What was one major criticism of Jackson’s use of the “spoils system”?
It gave government jobs to supporters, not necessarily qualified people
This book by Harriet Beecher Stowe showed the harsh reality of slavery and increased support for abolition in the North.
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
The Civil War officially ended when General Lee surrendered at this location.
Appomattox Court House
What do you think Mr. George's Favorite subject we have learned this year was?
did you get it right?
Explain how the last Ice Age Impacted the geography of North America?
Glaciers are responsible for shaping many physical features of North America:
Glacial erratic and moraine hills deposited by glaciers
The melting of ice into the great lakes
The moving of the Mississippi by massive ice dams
cutting out Niagara falls due to massive water runoff pressure
lifting Florida out of the ocean due to the weight and pressure of the glaciers
what were the Mississippian cultures known for?
They established the trade city of Cahokia, which was a major center for agricultural harvest celebrations.
What was the most responsible for the death of the Aztecs and other Native American tribes across North and South America?
Disease (Smallpox)
What was the Proclamation of 1763
Forbid British colonists from settling past the Appalachians
Explain the meaning behind the phrase "No Taxation Without Representation" Used by the colonist?
Colonists were heavily taxed even though they had no representation in British government. This was seen as unfair and against British law
What were the conditions of the Treaty of Paris?
The southern border stopped at Florida, which was returned to Spain
The borders of the new nation extended from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mississippi River.
the British recognized the United States as an independent nation
What 3 things did Washington warn against in his farewell address?
Remain neutral, avoid forming permanent alliances abroad, and Political parties suck, vote someone into office based on there merits and character you fools! I swear if you guys have political parties after I'm gone I will rise from the grave dual wielding samurai swords and find you!
Was the Louisiana Purchase a good decision for the United States? Explain your opinion using at least two reasons or pieces of evidence.
the Louisiana Purchase was a good decision for the United States. First, it doubled the size of the country and gave Americans more land to settle and farm. Second, it gave the U.S. full control of the Mississippi River, which helped farmers ship their goods to markets. Even though it raised questions about the president’s power, it helped the country grow stronger.
What issue caused the Nullification Crisis during Andrew Jackson’s presidency?
The attempt by a state to cancel a federal tariff law
Tell me a joke?
did it work?
This all-Black regiment proved their bravery during the attack on Fort Wagner and helped change public opinion about African American soldiers.
54th Massachusetts