Types of cell communication
This type of cell communication typically involves the use of neurotransmitters.
What is Synaptic Signaling?
This type of hormone is usually found in a synaptic gap, but some types can also travel through the bloodstream.
What is a neurotransmitter?
This gland, consisting of an anterior and posterior part, is found in the brain.
What is the pituitary?
Gigantism can be caused by overproduction of this hormone.
What is Human Growth hormone?
This disorder is related to the inability to take up glucose from the bloodstream and is related to insulin production.
What is diabetes (type 1)?
Distant organs in the body can be reached using this type of communication.
What is endocrine signaling?
This type of hormone is not able to pass through the membrane on its own and will have a receptor on the cell surface.
What is a hydrophilic (polar) hormone?
This gland, usually associated with metabolism in humans, is associated with tadpole development in frogs
What is the Thyroid gland?
This hormone can stimulate the kidneys to reabsorb more water and reduce urine output.
What is ADH, or anti-diuretic hormone?
A tumor on the Pituitary gland that causes excess production of human Growth hormone, can cause this condition.
What is gigantism?
Tissues and cells in the same cellular 'neighborhood' often use this type of signaling.
What is paracrine signaling?
Many of the hormones of this type share a structure similar to cholesterol.
What are lipophilic (non-polar) hormones?
While we often think of this organ as part of the digestive system, we also classify it as an important endocrine organ.
What is the pancreas?
Also called the cuddle hormone, this hormone, while only none amino acids long, stimulates many behaviors, including breast milk production and uterine contractions in labor.
What is Oxytocin?
Overgrowth of the cells in the thyroid gland called a goiter, are caused by deregulation in a number of hormones, all caused by the lack of this in the diet.
What is iodine?
What is direct contact signaling?
Epidermal Growth factor, Nerve Growth factor and Insulin-like growth factor act on cells near to the ones that secreted them, making them this type of regulator.
What is a paracrine regulator?
While different in males and females, these organs secrete hormones that are essential in development and reproduction.
What are gonads?
These two hormones, produced in the Anterior pituitary in males and females, will act on gonads to produce testosterone and estrogen, respectively.
What are LH and FSH?
Osteoporosis, or the degradation of bones in older age, may be related to this hormone that regulates calcium in the body.
What is PTH (parathyroid hormone)?
Related to paracrine signaling, this type of signaling usually involves a molecule secreted by a cell that will signal the cell itself
What is autocrine signaling?
The synthesis of these types of paracrine regulators can be inhibited by NSAIDs such as ibuprophen and reduce pain.
What are prostaglandins?
Often thought of related to extreme sports, the hormones secreted by these organs are more importantly tied to glucose metabolism.
What are adrenal glands?
Critical in maintaining calcium balance in the body, this hormone is secreted by the parathyroid glands.
What is Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)?
Coffee counteracts the action of this hormone.
What is ADH?