Anatomy &
Physiology
Physiology
Damage to this pea-sized gland can disrupt growth, metabolism, and reproductive function. Which gland is it?
What is the pituitary gland?
A patient’s blood sugar is high because the pancreas cannot promote glucose uptake by cells. Which hormone is deficient?
What is insulin?
A patient’s persistent thirst, frequent urination, and high blood sugar suggest a hormone deficiency or resistance. Which disorder fits this pattern?
What is diabetes mellitus?
In hyperthyroidism, the prefix ‘hyper-’ suggests what about hormone levels?
What is high level of hormones?
A patient reports fatigue, cold intolerance, and weight gain. Lab tests show low thyroid hormone. What is the most likely diagnosis?
What is hypothyroidism?
These glands sit atop the kidneys and release hormones that prepare the body for stress. Which glands are they?
What are the adrenal glands?
During a sudden emergency, the heart rate and blood pressure spike due to a hormone released by this part of the adrenal gland. Which hormone?
What is adrenaline?
A patient has weight loss, rapid heartbeat, and anxiety. Blood tests reveal elevated thyroid hormones. Which overactive gland disorder does this suggest?
What is hyperthyroidism?
In hyperglycemia, the suffix ‘-emia’ refers to what bodily component?
What is blood?
During a stressful situation, a patient’s heart races, blood pressure rises, and pupils dilate. Which hormone explains this reaction?
What is adrenaline?
A patient has low metabolism and fatigue. Dysfunction in this butterfly-shaped gland could explain the symptoms.
What is the thyroid gland?
A child’s growth is delayed, and metabolism is slow. A deficiency of this thyroid hormone could explain both issues.
What is thyroxine?
Excess cortisol causes weight gain in the trunk, round face, and high blood pressure. Dysfunction in which gland is responsible?
What is Cushing’s syndrome?
In hypopituitarism, the prefix ‘hypo-’ indicates what about pituitary function?
What is below normal?
A patient presents with excessive thirst, frequent urination, and fatigue. Blood sugar is elevated. Which endocrine disorder explains these symptoms?
What is diabetes mellitus?
After thyroid surgery, calcium levels drop dangerously. Which tiny glands were likely affected?
What are the parathyroid glands?
An adult patient reports abnormal muscle weakness and poor growth recovery. Which pituitary hormone might be low?
What is Growth Hormone?
A child presents with stunted growth, intellectual delay, and low energy. Which thyroid-related condition is most likely?
What is cretinism?
Thyroiditis involves inflammation. Which suffix indicates this condition?
What is -itis?
A child exhibits slow growth and delayed development due to insufficient growth hormone. Which condition explains this?
What is pituitary dwarfism?
A patient’s blood sugar spikes after a meal due to insufficient insulin. Dysfunction in this organ is responsible.
What is the pancreas?
A patient cannot concentrate urine and becomes severely dehydrated. Which hormone from the posterior pituitary is likely involved?
What is antidiuretic hormone?
An adult patient shows enlarged hands, feet, and jaw after years of abnormal hormone secretion. Which pituitary disorder causes this?
What is acromegaly?
An adrenalectomy involves removing which gland, as indicated by the prefix ‘adreno-’?
What is Adrenal Gland?
A patient has weight loss, bulging eyes, and nervousness. Lab results show high thyroid hormones. Which autoimmune disorder is likely?
What is Graves’ disease?