Management #1
The products (goods and services) and services organizations create.
What are OUTPUTS?
Materials/resources that companies take from the external environment and transform into goods and services?
What are INPUTS?
Factors that determine the appropriateness of managerial actions.
What are Contingencies?
1. In 4000 BCE used planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. 2. In 1100 BCE applied the managerial concepts of delegation, cooperation, organization, and control.
1. What did the Egyptians do?
2. What did the Chinese do?
1. In 1436 used an assembly line and an inventory system.
2. In 400-350 BCE advocated a scientific approach to management.
1. Who were the Venetians?
2. Who were the Greeks?
People’s reactions to being observed or studied resulting in superficial rather than meaningful changes in behavior.
What is the HAWTHORNE EFFECT?
A classical management approach emphasizing a structured, formal network of relationships among specialized positions in the organization.
What is BUREAUCRACY?
Reductions in the average cost of a unit of production as the total volume produced increases.
What are Economies of Scale?
A theory stating that an organization is a managed system that changes inputs into outputs.
What is Systems Theory?
In 1776 discussed the principle of specialization for manufacturing workers.
Who is Adam Smith?
A German sociologist, lawyer, and social historian who developed the bureaucracy theory.
Who is Max Weber?
A French mining engineer and executive who identified 14 Principles of Management.
Who is Henri Fayol?
Planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, and controlling.
What are the five functions of management identified by Henri Fayol?
Who sought to improve industrial efficiency?
Frederick Taylor
Suggested that humans have five levels of needs, and that people try to satisfy their lower-level needs before progressing to higher-level needs.
Who is Abraham Maslow?
A contemporary management approach that emphasizes the application of quantitative analysis to managerial decisions and problems.
What is Quantitative Management?
A classical management approach that applied scientific methods to analyze and determine the “one best way” to complete production tasks.
What is Scientific Management?
Used a camera to record workers and identify wasteful movements.
Who are Frank B. and Lillian M. Gilbreth, a husband and wife team?
Used time-and-motion studies to identify the “one best way” to perform a job.
Who is Fredrick Taylor?
Extended the piece-rate system to include supervisors and created the Gantt chart to plan and complete projects.
Who is Henry L. Gantt?
A classical management approach that attempted to understand and explain how human psychological and social processes interact with the formal aspects of the work situation to influence performance.
What is HUMAN RELATIONS?
A contemporary management approach that studies and identifies management activities that promote employee effectiveness by examining the complex and dynamic nature of individual, group, and organizational processes.
What is Organizational behavior?
A classical management approach that attempted to identify major principles and functions that managers could use to achieve superior organizational performance.
What is Administrative Management?
An approach to job design that attempts to redesign tasks to optimize operation of a new technology while preserving employees’ interpersonal relationships and other human aspects of the work.
What is Sociotechnical Systems Theory?
A classical management approach that attempted to build into operations the specific procedures and processes that would ensure coordination of effort to achieve established goals and plans.
What is Systematic Management?