Evidence 1
CMBR stands for this
Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation
This theory explains how the universe began from an extremely hot and dense point and has been expanding ever since.
Big Bang Theory
Stars are born in large clouds of gas and dust called this
Stellar nebula
The greater the red shift, the __________ a galaxy is moving away.
Faster
What is the most common element formed from the big bang?
Hydrogen
True or False: CMBR is leftover radiation from the early universe.
TRUE
According to the theory, what is happening to the universe.
It is expanding.
This force causes a cloud of gas and dust to collapse and start forming a star.
Gravity
Red shift is evidence that the universe is doing this over time.
Expanding
The two main pieces of evidence that support the Big Bang Theory are...
Cosmic Background Microwave Radiation and Redshift (based on Cepheid Variables)
CMBR provides strong evidence that the universe was once this: hot and ______
Dense
How long ago did the big bang occur?
13.8 Billion years ago.
The earliest stage of a star’s life before nuclear fusion starts is called this.
Protostar
How can we tell an object is moving away from us?
It shifts to the red spectrum
The predicted and observed ratios of light elements match closely, supporting the Big Bang. Roughly what percentage of the universe's normal matter is helium?
25%
The tiny temperature fluctuations in the CMBR help scientists understand the formation of what large structures in the universe.
Galaxies
Immediately after the Big Bang, the universe was mostly made up of these two light elements.
Hydrogen and Helium
Stars are giant balls of gas and plasma that emit energy on the electromagnetic spectrum. How (what process) and where is this energy created?
Nuclear fusion in the core
The red shift of galaxies was first observed by this American astronomer in the 1920s. (Hint: Last name rhymes with bubble)
Edwin Hubble
Believing earth was the central mass of the cosmos, Ptolemy proposed what type of model of our local astronomical neighborhood?
Geocentric model
CMBR is detected in this part of the electromagnetic spectrum
Microwave
What is the unknown material that affects gravitational force calculations and projections of stellar and planetary movement?
Dark Matter/Energy
After a supernova, the core can collapse into this incredibly dense object with gravity so strong not even light can escape.
Black Hole
According to the Doppler Effect, when an object is closer to the observer, the wavelength of light does this.
The object appears in the blue spectrum.
Why are the outer planets larger in mass and made of lighter elements than the inner planets of our solar system?
Energy released from the sun pushed the elements and dust orbiting the star away, and the denser elements cooled faster, which formed the cores of the terrestrial planets. The Jovian planets were formed by lighter elements that had to travel farther from the sun to cool, then gravity acted on the atoms to attract larger quantities to accumulate more mass.