Structures
What are the 4 main organs of the excretory system?
Skin, Lungs, Liver and Kidneys
What are proteins made out of?
Amino acids
What is excreted when you breathe out?
CO2
What is urea made from?
Ammonia
Where is the nephron?
The kidney
What is the tube in the body that travels top to bottom called?
Are proteins ever used for energy? If so, when?
Yes, when carb and lipid supplies have been exhausted
Excretion occurs so that metabolic waste is removed from the body in order to keep it in good health
What is deamination? Mention the compound included
True or false, your body has a limit to the amount of protein it can hold at a time
True
What is the difference between the left and right kidneys?
Left is longer and more narrow, right is positioned lower
True or false, amino acids can be rebuilt into new proteins
True
How is sweat excreted from the sweat glands?
Cells around the skin squeeze and contract to push the sweat out of pores.
Active requires energy while passive doesn't.
How much blood passes through the kidneys each minute?
1.2L
After the kidneys, what is the path that urine goes through to get excreted? (include structures)
Is collected by the collecting ducts, then travels down the ureter to the bladder, where it his held till being excreted by the urethra.
Amino acids are selectively reabsorbed through filtrate by what method of transport?
Active transport
What compound is a byproduct of muscle function that is removed through urine?
Creatinine
What is the word equation for urea production?
Energy + carbon dioxide + ammonia -> urea + water
How much urine does the average adult excrete a day?
0.5L-1.5L
What is the structure of the nephron that reabsorbs 100% of vitamins from the filtrate?
Proximal convoluted tubule
If someone has a high concentration of protein in their urine, what could this mean for their excretory system?
There could be damage or disease in the kidneys.
What percentage of urine is urea (BESIDES water)?
56%
What are the three processes of urine formation?
Glomerular filtration, selective reabsorption and secretion
Say a healthy individual has 180L of water in their filtrate, how much of that water would be reabsorbed over a 24hour period?
178-9L of water