Church Reform and the Crusades
Relating to a style of church architecture that developed in medieval Europe, featuring ribbed vaults, stained-glass windows, flying buttresses, pointed arches, and tall spires ...
Answer: Gothic.
A medieval town dweller ...
Answer: burgher.
King of England, 1066-87, first king of Norman line ...
Answer: William I (William the Conqueror), Duke of Normandy.
A city in SE France on the Rhone river: papal residence, 1309-77 ...
Answer: Avignon.
One of the expeditions in which medieval Christian warriors sought to recover control of the Holy Land from the Muslims ...
Answer: Crusade.
A system of farming developed in medieval Europe, in which farmland was divided into three fields of equal size and each of these was successively planted with a winter crop, planted with a spring crop, and left unplanted ...
Answer: three-field system.
King of England, 1154-89 ...
Answer: Henry II (of Anjou).
A deadly disease that spread across Asia and Europe in the middle 14th century, killing millions of people ...
Answer: bubonic plague (or Black Death).
Italian friar: founded Franciscan order ...
Answer: St. Francis (Francis of Assisi) ...
Italian scholastic philosopher and one of the great theologians of the Roman Catholic Church ...
Answer: Thomas Aquinas (“the Angelic Doctor”).
A document guaranteeing basic political rights in England, drawn up by nobles and approved by King John in A.D. 1215 ...
Answer: Magna Carta ("Great Charter").
A division in the medieval Roman Catholic Church, during which rival popes were established in Avignon and in Rome ...
Answer: Great Schism.
King of England, 1189-99 ...
Answer: Richard I (“Richard the Lion-Hearted,” “Richard Coeur de Lion”).
Scholars who gathered and taught at medieval European universities ...
Answer: scholastics.
A body of representatives that makes laws for a nation ...
Answer: parliament.
A conflict in which England and France battled on French soil on and off from 1337 to 1453 ...
Answer: Hundred Years' War.
A Roman Catholic tribunal for investigating and prosecuting charges of heresy – especially the one active in Spain during the 1400s ...
Answer: Inquisition.
Italian poet: author of the Divine Comedy ...
Answer: Dante (Dante Alighieri).
King of France, 1180-1223 ...
Answer: Philip II (or Philip Augustus).
French heroine, called the “Maid of Orleans,” who aroused the spirit of nationality in France against the English and was burned by them as a witch. In 1920 she was canonized ...
Answer: Joan of Arc (or Jeanne d'Arc).