Causes of the French Revolution
What financial problem did France face before the revolution?
Massive debt due to overspending and aiding the American Revolution
Which Enlightenment thinker promoted the separation of powers?
Montesquieu
What prison was stormed on July 14, 1789?
the Bastille
What group made up the First Estate?
Clergy
What emperor came to power in France after the revolution?
Napoleon Bonaparte
What agricultural issue worsened the economic crisis in France?
poor harvests leading to food shortages and rising bread prices
Who believed in freedom of religion and criticized the Catholic Church?
Voltaire
What was the nickname of Marie Antoinette due to her spending?
"Madame Déficit"
Which estate did the nobility belong to?
Name one right from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights influenced by the revolution.
Any of these: Right to a fair trial, Freedom of Expression, Right to liberty, property, and security, We are all born free and equal
What was the purpose of the Estates General Meeting?
To discuss tax reforms and solve France’s financial crisis
Which philosopher supported freedom of thought and expression?
John Locke
What was the purpose of the Tennis Court Oath?
To create a new constitution
What percentage of the population was part of the Third Estate?
97%
What happened to the monarchy after the revolution?
it was abolished, and France became a republic
Why was the voting process at the Estates General unfair?
Each estate had one vote, allowing the First and Second Estates to outvote the Third.
What did Rousseau believe about government and leadership?
the right of the people to choose their leaders
What happened to King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette during the revolution?
they were executed by guillotine
What fraction of the vote did the Third Estate have at the Estates General?
1/3
What document written in 1789 promoted human rights and equality?
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
What did the Third Estate do after being locked out of the Estates General?
form the National Assembly and take the Tennis Court Oath
How did Enlightenment ideas influence the French Revolution?
promoting freedom, equality, and the push for democracy
What positive consequence emerged from the French Revolution?
the promotion of human rights and the end of feudal privileges
Why was the Third Estate unhappy with the voting system?
they were always outvoted by the First and Second Estates
What document written in 1948 promoted human rights and equality?
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights