Roots of Revolution
absolute monarch
WHO IS a king or queen who has the unchecked authority to do whatever he or she wants without an restrictions.
regime
WHAT IS: A period of rule
reign
WHAT IS: to rule over a country as its czar, king, or queen.
dauphin
WHAT IS: the title given to the prince who is next in line to inherit the French throne
interest
WHAT IS: the money paid by a borrower for the use of someone else’s money
“finance minister,”
WHO IS: the government official in charge of a country’s money
natural law
WHAT IS: a system of rights or justice that is shared by all people and that comes from nature, not from the rules of society
Legislative Assembly
WHAT IS: a group of representatives with the power to make laws for the country
cathedral
WHAT IS: the bishop’s church; any large and important church
tribunal
WHAT IS: a type of court; a group appointed to make judgments
coronation
WHAT IS: the ceremony or act of crowning a ruler
symphony
WHAT IS: a musical composition written for an orchestra and usually in four parts called movements
censor
WHAT IS to remove or prohibit books, art, films, or other media that the government finds offensive, immoral, or harmful
parish priest
WHO IS: a person in a local church who has the training or authority to carry out certain religious ceremonies or rituals.
courtier
WHO IS: a person who serves as a friend or adviser to a ruler in his or her court
indulge
WHAT IS: to allow someone to do what they want; to spoil someone
Estates-General
WHAT IS: an assembly made up of representatives from France’s Three Estates
province
WHAT IS: an area or region similar to a state
“citizens’ militia,”
WHAT IS an army composed of the people of a nation rather than of soldiers
republic
WHAT IS: a government in which people elect representatives to rule for them
civic
WHAT IS: relating to a city, citizen, or community
Law of Suspects
WHAT IS: a law passed during the French Revolution that allowed the arrest of people suspected of opposing the revolution
grapeshot
WHAT IS: a small mass of metal balls packed into a canvas bag, resembling a cluster of grapes, that is shot from a cannon
corrupt
WHAT IS: to harm or to contaminate
reform
WHAT IS an improvement
tithe
WHAT IS: one-tenth of a person’s income, paid to support a church.
duke
WHO IS: a male noble who rules a small territory
“foreign ambassador,”
WHO IS: a person from another country who is an official representative of his or her government
delegation
WHAT IS: a group of people chosen to speak on behalf of a larger group
archive
WHAT IS: a place where public records or historical documents are kept
constitutional
WHAT IS: a government by a king or queen whose power is limited by a constitution monarchy
despotism
WHAT IS: tyranny; rule by a leader who has total and often oppressive power
piety
WHAT IS: the quality of being deeply religious; the adherence to religious principles in daily life
Jacobin
WHO IS: a member of a violent, extreme left-wing group during the French Revolution
national bank
WHAT IS: a government bank that issues and manages a country’s money
divine right of kings
WHAT IS: the belief that kings and queens have a God-given right to rule, and that rebellion against them is a sin
Third Estate
WHO IS: everyone who was not a member of the nobility or clergy; included everyone from the poorest of the poor to the wealthy middle class.
Louis XV
WHO IS: the great-grandson of the Sun King, Louis XIV.
arrogance
WHAT IS: a belief or feeling of superiority
The Tennis Court Oath
WHAT IS: The beginning of the French Revolution
title deed
WHAT IS: a document stating a person’s legal ownership
guillotine
WHAT IS: a machine designed to behead people quickly and with little pain
classicism
WHAT IS: the ideas and styles found in the works of ancient Greece and Rome
royalist
WHO IS: a supporter of the king or queen
artillery
WHAT IS: A large guns that are used to shoot across long distances
tyrannical
WHAT IS: The characteristic of a tyrant or tyranny; cruel or unjust
feudal
WHAT IS: relating to the medieval system of exchanging land for service and loyalty.
The Palace of Versailles
WHAT IS: The royal residence of Bourbon kings for almost one hundred years.
Le Petit Trianon
WHAT IS: a small mansion on the grounds of Versailles that Louis gave her.
Abbé Sieyès wrote
WHAT IS: The Third Estate?,
yoke
WHAT IS: a harness used to restrain work animals; something that takes away people’s freedom
neoclassicism
WHAT IS: a revival of ancient Greek and Roman ideas, especially in literature, art, or architecture
traitor
WHO IS: a person who is disloyal; a person who betrays his or her country
Cossacks
WHO ARE: soldiers from southwestern Russia, known for their skills on horseback
treasury
WHAT IS: a place where money and other riches of a government are kept.
bourgeois
WHO ARE: the wealthy members of French society, such as landlords, who were also part of the Third Estate; people who were neither nobles or peasants.
"I AM THE STATE"
WHAT IS: the motto of King Louis XIV
Spent Money
WHAT IS: Gambling, Jewels and Clothing
“Vive l’assemblée!”
“Long live the assembly!”
The Bastille
WHAT IS: an old fortress from the 1300s, with stone walls five feet thick and eight stone towers.
famine
WHAT IS: an extreme shortage of food that results in widespread hunger
exile
WHAT IS: to force someone to live outside of a place as a punishment