Key Figures
Name the Aboriginal resistance leader who fought in the Sydney region during the late 1700s
Pemulwuy
Where did it occur?
Tasmania/Van Diemen's Land
What does the term “terra nullius” mean?
Land belonging to no one
What is a primary source, and what is a secondary source?
Primary source - provides raw information and first-hand evidence
Secondary source - A source not directly involved with the event. Anything that describes, interprets or evaluates primary sources to form its information.
Why are the Frontier Wars not widely taught until recently?
They were downplayed/ignored in national history
Which governor declared martial law in Tasmania during the Black War?
Governor Arthur
When did occur?
1820s-1830s
How did martial law affect Aboriginal people in Tasmania?
Legalised killing without trial
Give me 3 examples of Primary sources, and 3 examples of Seconday sources
Primary - photo, diary, speech, direct quotes, raw data, artefacts
Secondary - textbook, biographies, paintings/illustrations, documentaries
What are some ways Aboriginal communities keep the memory of the Frontier Wars alive?
Oral history, commemoration, art, storytelling
Who was Bennelong and why is he significant in early colonial history?
Wangal man, acted as an "middle-man" between British and Aboriginal people
What percentage of First Nations people were killed in the Black War?
85%
What was the outcome of the Myall Creek trials that made it significant in Australian history?
Some perpetrators were executed – rare legal accountability)
What should you include in every response of the Source Analysis?
Quotes!
Which national institution has been criticised for not formally recognising the Frontier Wars?
Australian War Memorial
How did Pemulwuy die in 1802?
Shot by a settler; his head was taken to England
Give me 2 quotes from the Documentary we watched on the Black Wars?
"Kill or be Killed", "pro-war mentality", "Everyday for years", "far too silent for far too long", "collective amnesia", "Our heroes are invisible, like our history"
Why were most settlers not punished for violence against Aboriginal people?
Bias in legal system, lack of witnesses, racism
Name all 6 styles of Questions
Comprehension, Conclusion, Usefulness, Support/Contradict, Strengths/Limitations and Evaluation
Why is remembering the Frontier Wars important for reconciliation today?
Finally acknowledges truth-telling, respects First Nations experiences, builds understanding and empathy
Bennelong travelled to which country with Governor Phillip, and what happened there?
England; met King George III, struggled to adapt, later returned to Sydney
Explain the law that was put in place by Governor Arthur during the Black War
Matrial Law - was a declaration of War which created borders in Tasmania, dividing up the land, and forced the First Nations people to look like invaders or criminals.
What long-term impact did the Frontier Wars have on Indigenous Australians?
Loss of land, culture, lives, intergenerational trauma
Provide me the thesis line of your Question 6 introductory sentence.
‘It is apparent that in relation to the proposition…Sources 1, 2 and 6 are broadly supportive while Sources 3 and 4 provide contradictory evidence, and Source 5 does not help to understand the proposition.’
What is 1 thing you can do today to recognise the Frontier Wars and remember First Nations voices?
Educate new generations, discuss their importance, remember on ANZAC Day, celebrate and uplift First Nations voices.