Ingredients of an Argument
What are the three ingredients of an argument?
Claim, Reasons, and Evidence
What does "connotation" mean?
All of the ideas, feelings associated with a word or phrase (emotional baggage :) )
What year did Abraham Lincoln give "The Gettysburg Address?"
1863
Repetition
What are the three Rhetorical or Aristotelian appeals?
Ethos, Pathos, and Logos
What ingredient of an argument belongs to the FLOOR of FOUNDATION of the "Argument Building"?
Evidence!
What does "denotation" mean?
the literal or dictionary definition of a word or phrase
Where did Abraham Lincoln give "The Gettysburg Address"?
The cemetery at Gettysburg
What is the EFFECT of the use of repetition in the lines, "We cannot" in the lines "We cannot dedicate--we cannot consecrate--we cannot hallow--this ground" is known as which literary device?
*TEACHER CHECK*
--creates emphasis
--gives it more conviction and power
--audience pays closer attention
--makes it more serious and important
What is ethos? Describe it in a few words.
The ethical appeal; character, credibility, trustworthiness
What ingredient of an argument belongs to the PILLARS of the "Argument Building"?
Reasons!
What is the connotative meaning of: "fathers" as used in the line: "our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation"?
Founding Fathers of the Nation
What war was happening during the time period that Abraham Lincoln gave "The Gettysburg Address"?
The American Civil War
The phrases, "of the people, by the people, for the people" is repetition with slight variations in each phrase. Why does Lincoln repeat "the people," and why are these variations important?
Lincoln wants to emphasize that the government should be about working for the good of the people--that a primary goal is putting the people of America first and foremost (ALL of them).
The variations are important because he is underscoring that America belongs to its citizens, is run by its citizens, and should be run FOR the citizens.
What is pathos? Describe it in a few words.
The "FEELS Appeal!" appeal to emotions *pathetic/crying* -- tugs on someone's heartstrings
What ingredient of an argument belongs to the ROOF of the "Argument Building"?
CLAIM!
What is the denotative meaning of: "fathers"?
parent or creator
What political issue was the war being fought over, primarily?
To end slavery in America
"Four score and seven years ago" is an example of which literary device? What document is it referring to?
Allusion
The Declaration of Independence
What is Logos? Describe it in a few words.
The appeal to the intellect or brain using logic/logical reasoning, facts, statistics, or historical analogies
Make an argument using a claim, at least one reason, and one piece of evidence.
Label each part!
*TEACHER CHECK*
Put the following in order of least most negative/neutral to most positive/formal connotation:
hallow, dedicate, consecrate
Defend your answers.
1. dedicate -- most neutral
(to devote time to a task or purpose; cite (a book or other artistic work) as being issued or performed in someone's honor)
2. consecrate--more formal
(make or declare (something) sacred; dedicate formally to a religious or divine purpose.
3. hallow--most formal and more archaic
(to make holy, to consecrate)
How many is "four score and seven years"?
87
Our "poor power" is an example of which literary device?
*You must sing the answer to get the points!*
Allit, Allit, Alliteration! :)
Give 1 example of each of the appeals from "The Gettysburg Address" and explain how each quoted example demonstrates that appeal.
*TEACHER CHECK*