Vocabulary
What is urbanization?
the process of a city growing larger and becoming more populated
Name 4 issues of the Gilded Age
Massive industrial growth, Immense poverty, Exploitation of labor, poor working and living conditions, child labor, political corruption, corporate power( big businesses in charge)
Which countries did new immigrants come from?
Southern and Eastern Europe and parts of Asia
What are Political Machines? What did they do?
Corrupt political organizations that in exchange of votes provided services, jobs, and favors.
What is a monopoly?
When a business or person has complete control over an industry's production, wages, and prices with no competition
What is industrialization?
The process of transforming the economy from agriculture to manufacturing (factories)
What were tenements?
Small apartments created to accommodate the massive quatities of immigrants arriving to the city.
Through which ports immigrants entered the U.S?
Ellis Island on the East
Angel Island on the West
End political corruption (end the spoils system) by hiring people based on merit (People had to take an exam before being hired)
Who was Andrew Carnegie?
Businessman who's business focused on steel.
What is corruption?
Abuse of entrusted power for private gain, involving dishonest actions by officials or private actors
Name 3 working conditions during the Gilded Age:
Low wages
Unsafe
Overcrowded
Women working paid less than men
Long Hours
Child Labor
What is Nativism or Nativist?
Nativism refers to the protection of Native born rights from immigrants.
Nativist: Native born Americans who wanted to restrict immigration, believed that other people where inferior.
What was the purpose of the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890?
Prohibit the creation of monopolies and forced monopolies that already existed to break up
Businessman who's business focused on oil.
Communities where an employer owns most, if not all, of the housing, stores, and utilities. Employer rent the houses to their employees.
Why was the United states during the Gilded Age compared to a golden apple that is rotten in the inside?
The United states during the Gilded Age was compared to a golden apple that is rotten in the inside because during this time the U.S economy was booming due to industrialization, more factories were built, many jobs were available, new technology was developed, businesses were making a lot of money, and cities were becoming larger. However many issue were developed such as bad working conditions, corruption, inequality among men and women, and Nativism.
What are immigration quotas? What is the purpose?
Limitations established by a government to restrict the number of immigrants or foreign-born individuals allowed to enter or settle in a country over a specific period
What was the purpose of labor Unions? PROVIDE AN EXAMPLE OF A LABOR UNION
The purpose of labor unions was to negotiate with employers (collective bargaining) for better working conditions, wages, benefits like insurance. Ex. Knights of labor AFL
What is Laizess Faire?
Governments not interfering in the economy or businesses
What was the bessemer process?
Industrial method to mass-produce steel
What was the relationship between the federal government and big businesses?
At the end the government started to intervene by creating laws.
Name 2 responses to immigration during the Gilded Age
Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
Immigration Quotas: Emergency Quota Act
Raise of Nativism
Literacy Test
Assimilation
How did political machines affect the government during the Gilded Age?
Increased corruption in the government by exchanging services for votes, Political bosses controlled elections, gave political jobs to supporters
How did bug businesses impact people during the Gilded Age? See picture for clue
It procreated inequality among society. Rich people became richer and where mostly in power. Workers suffered from bad working conditions such as unsafe work places, low wages, and where overworked.