Definitions
Context Clues
Gold Rush Life
Word Power
Application
100

This word means “a large number of deaths.

Mortality

100

The long hike was so exhausting it felt ________. 

toilsome

100

A person who searched for gold in 1849

forty-niner

100

Opposite of melancholy.

serene

100

Why might Gold Rush travelers face extremities?


  • Harsh weather (cold, heat, storms)
  • Lack of food/water
  • Dangerous terrain (mountains, rivers)
  • Illness or injury
200

This word means “curious.”

inquisitive

200

The king’s cruel rule showed complete ________.

tyranny

200

Digging into the earth for gold

excavating

200

A synonym for toilsome.

exhausting

200

How could ingenuity help a miner survive?

  • Building tools from limited materials
  • Finding creative ways to get food or shelter
  • Solving problems like broken equipment
  • Creating new mining methods
300

This word means “sad.”

melancholy

300

After days without food, they suffered ________.

deprivation

300

A ditch where water flows in mining areas

gully

300

A word meaning “very old; from the beginning of time”

primeval

300

Why would deprivation lead to bad decisions?

  • Hunger or exhaustion affects thinking
  • People become desperate
  • They may take risks or act selfishly
  • Poor judgment due to stress
400

This word means “calm and peaceful.”

serene

400

His flashy gold outfit was very ________.

ostentatious

400

Flat lands miners might travel across____.

plateaus

400

A word meaning “creative problem-solving.”

ingenuity

400

Describe a situation that is both toilsome and invigorating.

  • Climbing a mountain
  • Mining for gold
  • Sports or intense physical activity
  • Building something difficult but rewarding
500

This word means “evil or wicked.”

diabolical

500

Traveling from place to place made them ________.

nomadic

500

Staying longer than planned at a mining site. 

tarry

500

A word meaning “energizing”.

invigorating

500

Explain how a nomadic lifestyle could be both helpful and harmful.

Helpful:

  • Can follow gold or resources
  • Adapt to new opportunities
  • Avoid danger
  • Harmful:
    • No stable home
    • Hard to find food/shelter
    • Exhaustion or danger from constant travel