Causes of the Great Depression
What year did the stock market crash that started the Great Depression?
1929
What were the makeshift shantytowns built by the homeless during the Great Depression called?
Hoovervilles
What was President Hoover’s philosophy on how to deal with the Great Depression?
Rugged individualism (believing that people should help themselves).
The Bonus Army March, where veterans were dispersed by the military after demanding early payment of their bonuses.
The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck
Who succeeded Hoover as President of the United States?
Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR)
What term is used to describe the high-risk investments that contributed to the crash?
Speculation
What term describes the severe drought and soil erosion in the Midwest during the 1930s?
The Dust Bowl
What was the name of the government project Hoover initiated to provide jobs and stimulate the economy?
The Hoover Dam
What kind of music grew in popularity during the Great Depression as a form of escapism?
Jazz and Swing music
What was the name of FDR's plan to combat the Great Depression?
New Deal
How did buying stocks on margin contribute to the Great Depression?
People borrowed money to buy stocks, and when stock prices fell, they couldn’t repay the loans.
What was one way many families tried to get food during the Great Depression?
They waited in breadlines or soup kitchens.
What organization did Hoover create to provide loans to banks and businesses during the Great Depression?
The Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC)
What was the term for photographers hired by the government to document the impact of the Great Depression on Americans?
The Farm Security Administration photographers
Which program was established under FDR to provide jobs for young men during the Great Depression?
What is the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)?
What impact did bank failures have on the economy during the Great Depression?
Many people lost their savings, and banks couldn't lend money, worsening the economic crisis.
What was the term for the migration of farmers from the Midwest to California during the Dust Bowl?
Okies
Why did many Americans criticize Hoover’s handling of the Great Depression?
They felt he didn’t provide enough direct relief to struggling people.
What famous painting by Grant Wood, often associated with the Great Depression, depicts a stern-looking farmer and his daughter?
American Gothic
What was one major change in government policy that FDR implemented to provide relief?
Social Security
How did tariffs like the Smoot-Hawley Tariff contribute to the Great Depression?
The tariffs raised the cost of imported goods, leading to a decline in international trade.
How did the Great Depression affect African Americans differently than white Americans?
African Americans faced higher unemployment rates and were often the first to lose jobs due to racial discrimination.
What event involving WWI veterans damaged Hoover’s public image during the Great Depression?
The Bonus Army March, where veterans were dispersed by the military after demanding early payment of their bonuses.
Which agency funded artists, writers, and musicians during the New Deal to create public works?
The Works Progress Administration (WPA)
How did FDR's approach to the Great Depression differ from Hoover’s?
FDR showed greater government intervention and direct aid to citizens.