Structure of the Heart
What are the names for the four hollow chambers of the heart?
Atria & Ventricles
Where do impulses originate?
SA node
When we say ventricular systole, what is going on with the ventricles?
They are contracted
What are the three types of blood vessels?
Arteries, Veins, and Capillaries
What is it called when there is an irregular heart beat?
Arrythmia
What is the function of the aorta?
Send blood out to the body
True or False: The atria and ventricles contract at the same time, right side of the heart contracts before the left
False, it is atria before ventricles (Top to bottom)
What is diastolic pressure?
The lowest pressure in blood vessels in the arteries before the next ventricular contraction
Which is thicker, the artery or the capillary?
Artery
What is a myocardial infarction commonly known as?
A heart attack
What is the name of the thick piece of myocardium that ensures that blood from either side of the heart do not mix?
Septum
ECGs record electrical changes in the .....
Is blood pressure greater in the veins or the arteries?
Arteries
What do the valves in veins prevent?
Backflow of blood
What is the process of plaque buildup in the arteries called?
Atherosclerosis
What is the name of the valve that separates the right atrium and ventricle?
Tricuspid
What is a syncytium?
A group of cells that act together as a unit
What are the four factors that influence blood pressure?
Cardiac Output, Blood Volume, Peripheral Resistance, and Blood Viscosity
What are the three mechanisms that molecules use to move through capillaries?
What leads to varicose veins on an anatomical level?
Weak or damaged valves in the veins
Purkinje fibers are located where?
Ventricular walls
When do we observe atrial repolarization in an ECG?
We don't! It is obscured by ventricular depolarization
What type of force causes peripheral resistance?
Friction
We see filtration at the arteriolar ends of capillaries due to what factor?
Blood pressure
What are the two stages of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation?
Stage 1: Small blood clots block blood vessels
Stage 2: Body starts running out of clotting factors and platelets