Human Anatomy
List the different bones we went over in class (make sure to get the scientific name)
Cranium (skull), Clavicle (collarbone), Mandible (jawbone), Scapula (shoulder blade), Radius (lower arm bone), Ulna (inner lower arm bone), Ribs, Pelvic girdle (hip bones), Coccyx (tailbone), Femur (thigh bone), Fibula (outermost leg bone), Tibia (shin bone), Vertebrae (backbone), Patella, Vertebra (individual back bones)
Bonus: how many vertebra are in the back bone?
List and describe the different parts of a cell
The outermost layer of the cell is the cell membrane, the cytoplasm surrounds the nucleus (the control center for all of the cell's activities) and is a jelly-like substance containing many organelles.
Define fracture, sprain, and dislocation
fracture:a break in a bone
sprain:the stretching and eventual tearing of a ligament
dislocation:a bone coming out of its joint
List and describe the different systems of the body
Skeletal system
Muscular system
Nervous system
Sensory system
Endocrine system
Digestive system
Circulatory system
Respiratory system
Urinary system
List the different connective tissues
Cartilage, bone, fat, marrow, and blood
List and describe the different tissues
Muscle tissue:enables movement through the shortening and lengthening of muscles
Nervous tissue:directs and control the process of movement
Epithelial tissue:covers the inside & outside of your body as well as your organs
Connective tissue:provides support and connects different parts
The basic unit of structure and function in a living organism
What is a cell?
Describe how an X-ray works
Using energy that travels in waves an X-ray views the bones in your body and gives an image which is used to see if you have any bone injuries
Describe how cells, organs, tissues, and organ systems work together
Tissues are made of cells, organs are made of tissues, and organ systems are made of organs
Tendon
Tissue that attaches muscle to bone
List and describe the different kinds & parts of bone
Spongy bone:found in the femur's compact bone, lightweight but strong containing many air pockets or holes
Compact bone:a hard and dense layer found in bone beneath the outer membrane
Marrow:soft connective tissue found in many bones
Cartilage:A connective tissue that may hold joints together
Joint
A structure in the body where two bones come together
Describe what an MRI is and what it stands for
Magnetic resonance imaging is used to take clear images of both bones and soft tissues to view possible injuries
List different parts of the body (non-scientific) that we went over in class
Forehead, palm, shoulder, forearm, chest, abdomen, hips, thigh, calf, shin, heel, sole, and instep
The bodies reaction to potentially dangerous or exciting situations
Stress
List and describe the different kinds of muscle
Involuntary muscle:muscle that is constantly working without the need for us to think about using it
Voluntary muscle:muscle you have to consciously think about using
Skeletal muscle:muscles attached to the bones of your skeleton
Striated muscle:another name for skeletal muscle
Smooth muscle:involuntary muscles that are not striated
Cardiac muscle:involuntary muscle that does not tire
Ligament
Connective tissue that holds joints together
Describe arthroscopy
The doctor makes an incision to view the joint and inserts an arthroscope (a thing metal instrument that has a camera) into the joint to search for injury
Describe the body's internal reaction to changes in temperature as well as the skin's reaction
If the body is maintaining homeostasis the internal temperature will remain stable and the skin's temperature will increase or decrease with the temperature of the environment you're in until eventually evening out
List and describe the different parts of the skin and how it protects the body
Epidermis:the outermost layer of skin composed mainly of dead skin cells
Dermis:the bottom most layer of skin containing nerve endings, hair follicles, and blood vessels
Follicle:strands of hair that grow within the dermis
Pore:a small opening in the skin through which sweat may exit
Melanin:pigment that gives your skin its color
Skin covers and protects the body from bacteria, chemicals, and temperature
The maintaining of stable internal conditions within the body
Homeostasis
Describe Arthritis, Cancer, and Osteoporosis
Arthritis: a joint disease that makes movement painful
Cancer: a disease in which cells grow and divide rapidly in the body
Osteoporosis: calcium deficiency in bones causing them to weaken and break easily