Adaptive Immunity
This type of cell creates antibodies and binds to pathogens
B cells
Name two physical barriers that are part of the immune system?
Skin, Mucous Membranes, Cilia, Hair, Urine
What does your immune system protect your body from?
Pathogens, bacteria, parasites
What was the first vaccine ever developed?
Smallpox
This disease occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s own tissues
An autoimmune disease
This type of cell can directly kill infected cells and abnormal cells, including cancer cells
T cells
What enzyme cleaves bacteria cells causing them to lyse?
Lysozyme
Name the 2 different types of immunity
Adaptive Immunity and Innate Immunity
Name two types of live vaccines
Chickenpox, MMR/measles, smallpox
Name a virus that was eradicated due to vaccines
Smallpox
Name one characteristic of adaptive immunity that differentiates from innate immunity
Targets specific antigens, slower immune response, immunological memory
Which signaling protein causes inflammation to the infection site?
Cytokines
Name 3 parts of your body that make up the immune system
White blood cells, Antibodies, Cytokines, Complement system, lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils, adenoids, thymus, bone marrow, skin, mucosa
How do inactive vaccines work?
They use a dead germ to build immunity without the recipient getting sick
What would happen if helper T cells were unable to activate B cells in adaptive immunity?
B cells would not be able to effectively produce antibodies, leading to a weakened humoral immune response.
Adaptive immunity recognizes and binds to these unique molecules found on pathogens
Antigens
What structure in your respiratory tract removes mucus and debris?
Cilia
What can develop from an overactive immune system?
Autoimmune diseases or allergies
Define herd immunity
Herd immunity protects people who are unable to get vaccinated from diseases
Define adaptive immunity
After exposure a protective factor that was not present before develops
What is it called when your immune system is able to respond more effectively in later exposures to the same pathogen?
Immunological memory
How does the body’s response to cytokines kill bacteria?
It causes inflammation and fever at the infection site, making the body too hot for the bacteria to live
Why is it important to take antibiotics for the full duration?
So the virus doesn’t mutate and our immune system properly fights off the virus
What are toxoid vaccines?
Toxoid vaccines are vaccines that use a harmless form of poison made from the bacteria
How does the immune system interact with other body systems to protect the body from infection?