The Rise of Industry
What is Industrialization?
The shift from hand-made goods to machine-made goods in factories.
What is a corporation?
A company owned by many investors.
Name two push and pull factors for immigrants coming to the United States during the Industrial Revolution.
Push - Poverty, War, Famine, and Lack of Jobs
Pull - Jobs in factories, Freedom, Opportunity, Better living conditions
Name two working conditions factory workers faced.
10-16 hour workday, low wages, dangerous machinery, no safety rules, no benefits
Name two major urban problems.
Housing problems, sanitation & health, crime & safety, political corruption
Name two key industries that grew during the Industrial Revolution.
Railroads, Steel, Oil
Define monopoly.
When one company controls an entire industry.
What was the name of the island that most immigrants entered the United States through?
Ellis Island
Define labor union.
A group of workers who join together to improve conditions.
Name two reform efforts.
Settlement houses, muckrakers, government reforms
Which industry was Rockefeller successful in?
Oil
Define trust (business).
A group of companies controlled by a single board.
Define Urbanization.
The growth of cities
Define strike.
Workers refuse to work to demand changes.
What did settlement houses provide?
Education, childcare, and job training
Which industry was Andrew Carnegie successful in?
Steel
Buying out competitors.
What were the living conditions like after urbanization?
Small, crowded apartment buildings, poor ventilation, little sanitation, Often unsafe, entire families lived in tiny spaces
Why would businesses hire children?
Children could work long, paid less than adults, can fight into tight spaces to fix machines
How did the political corruption (Tammany Hall) work?
Provided jobs and services in exchange for votes.
Define entrepreneur.
A person who starts and runs a business.
Define vertical integration.
DOUBLE JEOPARDY! Give me a real life example of vertical integration.
Controlling every step of production.
DOUBLE JEOPARDY: Amazon
Define Nativism.
Belief that native-born Americans were better than immigrants.
Why would workers have more together than alone?
Power in numbers
Who created the famous settlement house "Hull House"?
Jane Addams