Why Great Britain?
Why was Britain's Geography good for industrialization?
- access to trade routes
- rivers for trade/transportation
- rivers power factory mills
Where were early factories located by?
rivers - for a source of energy
What drove people to cities in mass amounts?
- looking for jobs
-loss jobs farming
- Agricultural revolution
What does Laissez - Faire mean?
"hands off" government, no rules or regulations, you can do what you want
What are 2 types of energy sources?
- water, coal, steam
What natural resources did Great Britain have for industry?
Coal and Iron
Rivers
What is two reasons to employ children in factories?
- fit in small spaces
- can pay less than adults
- not educated or powerful
- there was a lot of them
- no laws protecting them
Why were rivers and the water supply often poor?
pollution from the factories
Who is the Bourgeoisie? Who is the Proletariat?
B - wealthy upper class, the Haves
P- the working lower class, the Have Nots
What is a benefit of the railway
- easy transportation of goods
- easy transportation of people
- created jobs
What type of government was appealing for starting businesses?
Laissez-Faire or "hands off"
give me 3 specifics of working conditions for the working class
- long hours (14 ish hours)
- none or limited breaks (sometimes 30 mins for lunch)
- low pay
- can lose job very easily - high demand for jobs, people waiting
Who did rapid urbanization affect?
The working class/ the poor
Which figure believes in Capitalism? Which figure believes in Communism?
Capitalism - Adam Smith
Communism - Karl Marx
What change was made to children's education?
- 2 hours for education
- education for all economic classes
- new public school (free)
How did the Agricultural Revolution influence industrialization?
- less need for farmers
- more people moving to cities looking for work
What are two ways that industrial workers tried to fight for better conditions?
- forming labor unions
- strikes
- collective bargaining
What is 2 ways that city life was improved?
- steel construction
- medicine
- paved roads
- Underground Sewer Systems
What are 2 problems with Capitalism?
- rich vs. poor
- huge income gap, rich getting wealthy off the backs of the working class
- exploitation of workers (long hours, low pay)
- greed and corruption
What caused the Irish Potato Famine?
- disease that killed the potatoes
- all other crops had to be sent to England
Name 3 textile machines/ new factory techniques invented to improve production
- spinning jenny
-water frame
-power loom
-mass production/assembly line
- steam engine
What did the Mines Act of 1842 do?
- prohibited children from going underground in mines
- had to be 13 years old minimum
List 4 problems due to rapid urbanization
- overcrowding
- overpopulation
- spread of disease
- low life expectancy
- poor quality homes
- high pollution
What does communists believe the proletariat should do to fight against inequality in the social classes?
overthrow the BOURGEOISIE!
What happened because of the Irish Potato Famine?
- millions died
- mass emigration to North America
- riots