Inventions & Minds
He perfected the steam engine.
Who was James Watt?
The idea that the government should stay out of the economy.
What is Laissez-faire?
This new method of manufacturing used machinery and a division of labor.
What was the Factory System?
This term describes the rapid growth of cities as people moved from rural areas.
What is urbanization?
This class consisted of wealthy factory owners and aristocrats.
Who was the Upper Class?
Eli Whitney’s machine that revolutionized the textile industry.
What was the cotton gin?
An economic system characterized by private ownership for profit.
What is Capitalism?
This fuel was the primary power source for steam engines.
What was coal?
The country where the Industrial Revolution began.
What is Great Britain?
This growing class included professionals, merchants, and managers.
Who was the Middle Class?
Robert Fulton designed the first commercially successful version of this.
What was the steamboat?
A theory advocating for collective or government ownership of production.
What is Socialism?
The average number of hours a factory worker might work in a day.
What were 12-16 hours?
These two natural resources were abundant in Great Britain.
What are coal and iron ore?
The largest class, made up of factory and mine workers.
Who was the Working Class?
John Deere’s contribution to improving agriculture.
What was the steel plow?
These laws enclosed common lands and forced farmers into factory work.
What were the Enclosure Acts?
Two groups often hired for lower wages than men.
Who were women and children?
Two major issues caused by inadequate sanitation in crowded cities.
What were disease and crime?
These were passed to reduce working hours and improve safety.
What were new laws/reforms?
Eli Whitney’s concept that allowed for easier repair of machines.
What are interchangeable parts?
This system was replaced by the modern factory system.
What was the domestic system?
One major advantage of the factory system for consumers.
What were lower costs/more affordable goods?
These two new modes of transport expanded trade and fueled growth.
What were the steamboat and the steam-powered locomotive (train)?
This person famously stated, "The business of America is business," in support of capitalism.
Who is Calvin Coolidge?