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What is identical, machine-made parts for a tool or an instrument ?
Interchangeable Parts
What were some drawbacks of urbanization ?
Early cities lacked sewers. People threw garbage into the streets. As cities grew more crowded diseases spread, and pollution.
Who is a skilled worker ?
Artisan
What is money invested in a business venture ?
Capital
Who are young women who worked in Massachusetts during the Industrial Revolution ?
Lowell Girls
How did the invention of new farm machines contribute to urbanization in the North ?
The new farm machines meant fewer workers were needed on the farm. Many of these workers left rural areas to find employment in cities.
What is an association of workers in a specific trade, or line of work, formed to gain higher wages and better working conditions ?
Trade Union
What is a policy or practice that denies equal rights to certain groups of people ?
Discrimination
Who is a person who invests in a business to make a profit ?
Capitalist
What is the movement of population from farms to cities?
Urbanization
What key role did capitalists play in the Industrial Revolution?
Capitalists supplied the capital or money that mill and factory owners needed.
What is the refusal by workers to do their jobs until their demands are met ?
Strike
Who is a person who enters another country in order to settle there ?
Immigrant
What is a shortage, lack, or insufficient supply ?
Scarcity
How did transportation boost the market revolution in the early 1800s ?
New roads, canals, and steamboats transported goods more efficiently.
What is a severe food shortage ?
Famine
What was the principal advantage of steam power over water power ?
Water power depended on factories being near the stream. Steam power could be used anywhere.
How did competition and the quest for profit change working conditions in American Mills ?
As competition increased, mill owners had less concern for the wellbeing of their workers, and working conditions declined.
How did the use of interchangeable parts contribute to the Industrial Revolution ?
By speeding up the production of goods, the use of interchangeable parts made factories more efficient and profitable.
Who is an American who sought to limit immigration and preserve the country for native-barn, white protestants ?
Nativist
Why could artisans demand higher wages while other workers could not ?
Artisans had special skills that factory owners needed.