A is for Acronym
What main protocol is used for securely transmitting webpages on the internet?
Bonus - Identify the two specific acronyms that are associated with this main protocol which provide the appropriate level of security. ($100 per correct answer)
What is HTTPS? (HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure)
Bonus: TLS and SSL (transport layer security and secure sockets layer)
What is the type of cyber attack that floods a server with traffic to make it unavailable to users?
What is a DDoS attack?
What term describes the process of converting plaintext into unreadable ciphertext to protect sensitive information.
What is encryption?
What term describes the extra information stored with a file, such as the time a photo was taken?
What is metadata?
What term describes the ability of the internet to keep running even when part of it fails due to a natural disaster or a cable being severed?
What is fault tolerance?
What acronym stands for the system that translates human-friendly domain names that people type into numerical IP addresses for the computer to understand?
What is DNS? (Domain Name System)
What type of malicious software is designed to trick users into giving up personal information, often via fake emails or websites?
What is the highest number of guesses a person would need to make in order to crack a Caesar cipher?
What is 26?
What type of compression removes some data permanently to reduce file size?
What is lossy compression?
What property of the internet's design improves its reliability by having multiple routes for data to travel in order to get from its origin to its destination?
What is redundancy?
What main internet protocol is responsible for breaking data into packets and ensuring they arrive in the correct order?
What is TCP (or TCP/IP protocol)?
What type of malware secretly records a user’s keystrokes to steal passwords and other sensitive data?
What is keylogging?
What type of encryption is used widely on the internet because it is asymmetric, meaning that the computer sending the message uses a different set of keys than the computer receiving the message?
What is public key encryption?
What term describes a method of gathering data or completing a task by relying on large numbers of people contributing small amounts of work?
What is crowdsourcing?
What term describes the devices that forward data on the internet, acting as traffic controllers and determining the best path for it to travel?
What is a router?
Tim Berners Lee is the British computer scientist credited for developing the World Wide Web, publishing the very first website, and for developing what programming language used to program websites?
What is HTML? (HyperText Markup Language)
What type of malware embeds its code into existing files and programs and replicates itself in a computer system?
What is a computer virus?
What term describes the trusted organizations who issue digital certificates to verify website authenticity?
What are certificate authorities?
What is lossless compression?
What two terms identify the original version of IP addresses as well as the new version of IP addresses used for new devices that connect to the internet?
Bonus $100 - write out a valid example of either of these terms.
What are IPv4 and IPv6?
100.55.255.193
ae90:12ff:09b3:652a:00ff:3490:12e3:9090
What acronym refers to the protocol that, unlike TCP, is used when speed is more important than accuracy, such as in video streaming or online gaming?
What is UDP? (User Datagram Protocol)
What term describes using emotional manipulation and deception in order to get someone to click on a link or to willingly hand over sensitive information?
What is social engineering?
What type of encryption method uses the same key for both encryption and decryption?
What is symmetric encryption?
What organization provides various licenses for artists and content creators who wish to share their work online, potentially for others to use?
What is the Creative Commons?
What term describes the community of researchers and ordinary people who use the internet to conduct research and collect data on a number of research projects related to the environment, space, water quality, and other topics?
What is citizen scientists?