The Supreme Court
This person nominates federal judges and Supreme Court Justices.
Who is the President?
This term is defined as the authority of a court to hear, try, and decide a case.
What is jurisdiction?
This 1803 landmark Supreme Court case established the concept of judicial review.
What is Marbury v. Madison?
A serious crime that carries a prison sentence of one year or greater.
What is a felony?
This Amendment protects citizens from unreasonable searches and seizures.
What is the 4th Amendment?
This is the term length for federal judges and Supreme Court Justice appointments.
What is life (or lifetime)?
This type of jurisdiction means a case can be heard in either a state court or a federal court.
What is concurrent jurisdiction?
This legal concept allows the Supreme Court to declare acts of Congress unconstitutional.
What is judicial review?
The taking of property from another person through the use of force, intimidation, or threats.
What is robbery?
Money or property put forth as security to ensure a defendant will show up for trial.
What is bail?
This Standing Committee in the Senate conducts hearings prior to confirmation votes for federal judges.
What is the Senate Judiciary Committee?
Federal courts have this type of jurisdiction, meaning they may only hear cases authorized by the Constitution or federal statutes.
What is limited jurisdiction?
This is an opinion written by justices who do not agree with the court’s majority decision.
What is a dissenting opinion (or minority opinion)?
A crime involving the willful and malicious burning of a property or structure.
What is arson?
In a civil case, this is the person who files the suit.
Who is the plaintiff?
This rule states that at least four of the nine justices must agree to hear a case for it to be placed on the calendar.
What is the 'rule of four'?
Cases involving ambassadors, copyright infringement, or federal crimes fall under this type of jurisdiction, meaning they can only be heard in federal court.
What is exclusive jurisdiction?
This judicial philosophy suggests that judges should use personal opinions and political considerations rather than just the law to make rulings.
What is judicial activism?
Solicitation and conspiracy are examples of this category of crime, defined as crimes begun but not completed.
What are inchoate crimes?
This Amendment extends the Bill of Rights to state and local governments and provides for "equal protection under the laws."
What is the 14th Amendment?
Before oral arguments, lawyers prepare these written documents outlining detailed arguments supporting their side of the case.
What are briefs?
While usually an appeals court, the Supreme Court has original jurisdiction in cases involving these two specific parties.
What are states and ambassadors (or public ministers)?
Cases reach the Supreme Court through this specific order sent by a lower court to send up a record for review.
What is a writ of certiorari?
In the criminal justice process, this step involves the defendant making a plea, such as guilty or not guilty, before a judge.
What is an arraignment?
The two categories of due process: one covers the methods/procedures used, and the other covers the substance/policies of government action.
What are procedural and substantive due process?