Bones, Muscles, & Tendons
Is an overpronated foot bad?
Yes
What is the injury.....Caused by a blow to the outside of the knee or a high-energy twisting in the valgus (outward) motion
MCL sprain or tear
If you suspect an athlete is suffereing from fat pad syndrome, what special test would you use to evaluate the athlete?
Hoffa's Test
A flat longitudinal band found on the medial side of the knee joint
MCL - Medial Collateral Ligament
What is the Q angle?
The Q angle (quadriceps angle), is the angle formed between the quadriceps muscles and the patella tendon
How many muscles make up the Quadriceps?
4 (Quad means 4)
What is the ligamentous injury.....Not frequently involved in sports injuries
LCL Sprain
If you suspect an MCL sprain or tear, what special test would you use to evaluate the athlete?
Valgus stress test
A ligament that attaches to the femur and the fibula; maintains stability of the lateral aspect of the knee joint
LCL - Lateral Collateral Ligament
What does cruciate mean?
Latin for the word "Cross"
The knee joint is composed of 3 articulating bones, what are they?
Femur, Tibia, Patella
What is the injury......That is commonly caused by landing with knee in hyperextension, quick change in direction
ACL Sprain
What does a positive posterior sag test indicate?
PCL Sprain
A ligament in the knee that attaches to the anterior aspect of the tibial plateau, restricting anterior movement of the tibia on the femur.
ACL - Anterior Cruciate Ligament
What does Adduction mean?
It is a directional term meaning toward the midline
Where is the tibiofemoral joint located?
Between the Tibia and Femur
What is the injury.....Happens when femur grows faster than quadriceps muscles (*Causes a bony bump under the knee.)
Osgood Schlatters
What does the McMurray test test for?
Meniscus tears
A ligament that attaches to the posterior aspect of the tibial plateau, restricting posterior movement of the tibia on the femur
PCL - Posterior Cruciate Ligament
What is articular cartilage and what is it's function in the knee joint?
The thin layer of connective tissue over the ends of long bones that provides a smooth surface for gliding of the tibiofemoral joint
The menisci are bathed in ______________ , which lubricates the articulating surfaces of the joint and supplies nutrients to the articular cartilage
Synovial Fluid
What is the injury.....Very common in people who suddenly increase their level of activity, such as runners who increase their mileage. Irritation usually occurs over the outside of the knee joint, at the lateral epicondyle
IT Band Syndrome
There are TWO tests used to identify an ACL tear, what are they?
Anterior drawer test and the Lachman test
What injuries are involved in the Terrible Triad?
MCL, ACL, and Meniscus
A female soccer player is complaining of pain in her knee. She said the pain started after the performed a penalty kick near the end of the game. She has pain on the medial side of her knee and the pain is gradually getting worse. What do you think was the MOI? What do you think the injury is? And what special test would you perform to support your hypothesis?
MOI: The planting and twisting of the knee during a penalty kick. Possible Injury would be Medial mensicus and/or MCL. Special tests would be the valgus stress test and/or the McMurray test