Anatomy & Bones
This bone features the lateral malleolus at its distal end.
Fibula
These are the four primary movements the ankle joint is capable of
dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, inversion, and eversion
This is the most common type of ankle sprain, often resulting in lateral ligament injury.
Inversion sprain
This general term refers to any type of pain in the anterior or medial aspect of the lower leg.
shin splints
To prevent injuries like patellofemoral syndrome, athletes—especially females with a wider pelvis—must avoid weakness in this muscle group
quadriceps
This sesamoid bone is primarily responsible for knee extension via the quadriceps muscle group.
Patella
This muscle group, which should be approximately 60% to 70% as strong as the quadriceps, is the primary mover for knee flexion.
hamstrings
This is considered the weakest lateral ligament of the ankle.
anterior talofibular ligament (ATF)
Common in growing adolescents, this condition is caused by repeated pulling of the patellar tendon at the tibial tubercle.
Osgood-Schlatter disease
Close proximity of the shin to the surface of the skin makes this bone especially susceptible to contusions
tibia
This bone's distal end forms the medial malleolus
tibia
The Gastrocnemius and Soleus muscles both perform this action at the ankle.
plantarflexion
This ligament protects the knee from valgus stress and external tibial rotation.
Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)
This is the most likely mechanism of injury for a rupture of the Achilles tendon.
dorsiflexion
This specific clinical test is used by athletic trainers to evaluate the integrity of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament.
Lachman's or Anterior Drawer Test
These fibrocartilage structures sit atop the tibia and are responsible for cushioning the knee during impact activity.
menisci
This is the primary function of the tibialis posterior muscle.
inversion
An injury to this ligament often occurs during deceleration with the knee in valgus and the tibia internally rotated
Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)
This condition, common to runners and cyclists, is characterized by pain and irritation over the lateral femoral condyle.
Iliotibial (IT) Band Friction Syndrome
A positive Thomspon test would indicate this injury
Achilles tendon rupture
This specific joint is where inversion and eversion occur.
Subtalar
The politeus is responsible for this type of knee rotation
internal
An eversion ankle sprain is most likely to involve a tear of this specific medial ligament.
deltoid ligament
Stepping into a hole and forcing the ankle into sudden dorsiflexion typically involves this ligament.
anterior tibiofibular ligament
A positive anterior drawer test for the ankle would indicate an injury to this ligament
Anterior Talofibular Ligament