Lung Anatomy
The main organs responsible for breathing
What are the lungs
Air enters the body through this structure
What is the nose or nasal cavity
Oxygen moves from alveoli into the blood by this process
What is diffusion
Breathing is controlled by this part of the brain
What is the brain stem
A condition that causes airway inflammation and wheezing
What is asthma
The tiny air sacs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged
What are alveoli
The tube that connects the throat to the lungs
What is the trachea
Blood vessels that surround alveoli
What are capillaries?
The process of breathing in
what is inhalation
A disease often caused by smoking that damages alveoli
What is emphysema
The muscle that contracts to allow inhaling
What is the diaphragm
Smaller branches of the bronchi
What are bronchioles
The waste gas removed from the blood
What is carbon dioxide
The process of breathing out
What is exhalation
An infection that fills alveoli with fluid
What is pneumonia
The two main tubes that branch off from the trachea
What are the bronchi
Even smaller airways that lead directly to alveoli
What are alveoli
The protein in red blood cells that binds oxygen
What is hemoglobin
What happens to the diaphragm during inhalation
What is that it contracts and moves downward
Long-term smoking can lead to this deadly disease
What is lung cancer
The thin membranes that protect and reduce friction around the lungs
What is the pleura
The full labeled pathway air takes from nose to alveoli
What is nose → trachea → bronchi → bronchioles → alveoli
Why alveoli are well-suited for gas exchange
What is that they have thin walls and a large surface area
Why breathing rate increases during exercise
What is because cells need more oxygen and produce more carbon dioxide
A major environmental factor that harms lung function
What is air pollution