The Church
In the Middle Ages, Christians believed you needed to receive this to enter heaven.
The sacrament
What was the significance of the Magna Carta?
It made everyone, even the king, adhere(follow) to the law.
The Crusades were a series of _______ _______ between Christians and Muslims.
holy wars
What led to the population boom in the Late Middle Ages?
The Agricultural Revolution (increased food supply)
This disease killed large amounts of the European population during the Late Middle Ages.
The Bubonic Plague/Black Death
What event symbolized the amount of power the pope had?
The pope crowning Charlemagne as emperor.
According to the Magna Carta, taxes had to be approved by whom?
Parliament (government assembly)
What was the main goal of the Crusades?
To retake the Holy Land and the city of Jerusalem.
This institution/practice was developed to make businesses or trade missions less risky. (You will purchase multiple forms of this when you become an adult.)
Insurance
What other culture heavily influenced Roman and Christian traditions after the fall of the Western Roman Empire?
Germanic
Why did the Bible being written in Latin give the church more power over the people?
Most people could not read Latin and had to rely on priests to interpret.
Magna Carta also influenced the laws of what other country?
United States
What was promised by the pope to people who agreed to go on crusade?
Forgiveness of all sin, penance
When merchants took out loans, what was the name of the additional amount of money they paid back, other than the amount they borrowed?
Interest
Kings would give this to their vassals in exchange for their loyalty?
Land (fief)
Splinters from the Cross, the Holy Grail, the Shroud of Turin, and the Holy Lance are examples of what?
Religious Relics
King John
How did the Crusades impact feudalism?
It weakened it due to a large number of nobles and knights being killed.
The growth of cities would create the perfect conditions for what?
The spread of plague
What was the difference between peasants and serfs?
Peasants were free, but serfs were bound to the land.
This power allowed the pope to forbid people from receiving the sacrament.
Excommunication
Which English king was captured, forcing taxes to be raised to pay his ransom? (Leads to the events that created the Magna Carta)
King Richard the Lionheart
Who was the brilliant Muslim sultan who recaptured Jerusalem and was known for his fair treatment of Christians?
Saladin
What was the importance of craft guilds?
Maintained the quality of products and regulated prices.
What was the social, economic, and political system that influenced Europe during most of the Middle Ages?
The Feudal System; Feudalism