Maturation Theory
Norms for several areas of growth and the behaviors that accompany such development.
What is Maturation theory?
This theorist's interest in children and education included a teaching background at progressive and Montessori schools in Europe.
Who is Erik Erikson?
This theorist took the idea of tabula rasa one step further to create the doctrine of the “empty organism.”
Who is B.F. Skinner?
This theory is about personality development and emotional problems.
What is psychodynamic theory?
The ________ has a place in early childhood education because it attempts to explain how people are motivated.
What is humanistic theory?
A physician intrigued with the notion that children’s internal clock seemed to govern their growth and behavior.
Who is Arnold Gesell?
Erikson’s first stage is roughly the first year of life.
What is trust vs mistrust?
Skinner maintained that no behavior cannot be_______.
What is modified?
Psychodynamic theories look at development in terms of internal drives that are often ______, or _______ from our awareness.
What is unconscious or hidden?
This theory is most useful in describing children’s growth and typical behavior.
What is maturation theory?
Is the process of physical and mental growth that is determined by heredity.
What is Maturation?
Beginning with the primary school years and ending with puberty, this stage parallels Freud’s latency period. The major theme in this stage is mastery of life, primarily by adapting to the laws of society (people, laws and rules, relationships) and objects (tools, machines, the physical world).
What is Industry vs. Inferiority?
_______ include food, smiles, compliments, and other responses that increase the chances that a behavior will be repeated.
What are positive reinforcers?
To this theorist, personality was the most important aspect of development, more central to human growth than language, perception, or cognition. Three structures define personality:
Who is Sigmund Freud?
This theory describes the structure and development of human thought processes and how those processes affect the way a person understands and perceives the world.
What is cognitive theory?
Maturation theory has inspired developmental norms that help_______, _______, and ______ alike determine whether a child’s growth is within the normal range.
Who are parents, teachers, and physicians?
This developmental stage corresponds to the preschool and kindergarten years and parallels Freud’s phallic stage of development. The task is to develop a sense of purpose.
What is Initiative vs. Guilt?
__________ psychology has made us develop new ways to help people learn and cope effectively with the world.
What is behaviorist?
This theorist is perhaps the most influential psychoanalyst of the modern era and certainly a key figure in the study of children and development.
Who is Erik Erikson?
This is a theory of learning that states that individuals learn through adaptation.
What is constructivism?
_______is what happens; maturation is how it happens.
What is Growth?
Erik Erikson proposes _____stages of psychosocial development, each representing a critical period for the development of an important strength. Positive growth allows the individual to integrate his or her physical and biologic development with the challenges that the social institutions and culture present.
What is eight?
Skinner’s principles especially apply to young children, particularly toddlers and preschool and ______ children.
Who is kindergarten-age?
In psychoanalytic terms, children’s behavior can be interpreted by knowing the various _____ and tasks within those stages.
What is stages?
This theorist's view of the mind claims that “human cognitive competence is better described in terms of sets of abilities, talents, or mental skills, which we call ‘intelligence.
Who is Howard Gardner?