The Nature of Matter

Models of the Atom

100

Particle model of matter

All matter is made of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms can be combined or rearranged to form everything in the universe. 

200

Definition of matter 

Anything with mass and volume 

300

Discovered electrons; theorized that atoms consist of solid, positvely-charged spheres with smaller imbedded spheres of negatively-charged particles. 

Thompson 

400

Proposed a model of the atom with a small, dense nucleus surrounded by electrons traveling around the nucleus at pre-determined distances. 

Bohr 

500

A model of the atom that states that the position of electrons is based on probability rather than a precise location with a precise velocity. 

Wave or cloud model

Properties of Matter

100

A property that can be used to identify what a substance is. 

Characteristic property 

200

A change in matter that does not change the identity of the substance 

Physical change 

300

What type of change: iron rusting in water 

Chemical change 

400

A liquid has a density of 2ml/g and a volume of 20ml. What is its mass? 

40g

500

An unknown liquid has a density of 1g/ml. What is it? 

Water 

Atoms & Molecules

100

Particles in the nucleus of an atom: 

Protons and neutrons. 

200

The difference between an element and a compound: 

An element contains only one kind of atom; compounds contain atoms of two or more elements.

300

The most reactive groups of nonmetals on the periodic table: 

Halogens (group 17) 

400

The difference between a compound and a solution: 

Compounds share or transfer electrons among atoms; molecules in solutions share the same space but are not chemically combined. 

500

This element usually is composed of a single proton surrounded by a single electron: 

Hydrogen 

Chemical Bonds

100

In this type of bond, electrons are shared by two or more atoms: 

Covalent bond 

200

This type of bond consists of atoms of a metal and a nonmetal: 

Ionic 

300

This type of element tends to add electrons during ionic bonds: 

Nonmetals 

400

Is this compound ionic or covalent? 

H₂SO₄

Ionic 

500

The formula for calcium chloride: 

CaCl₂

Chemical Reactions

100

What kind of reaction: 

2H_{2 +} O_{2 -->} 2H₂O

Synthesis 

200

What kind of reaction: 

2HCl + K₂ -->  2HK + Cl₂

Replacement 

300

Balance: Fe + O₂ --> Fe₂O₃

4Fe + 3O₂ --> 2Fe₂O₃

400

Signs a chemical reaction has occurred: 

Change in temp, change in color, formation of gas,

formation of precipitate, change in odor. 

500

Balance: 

Rb + S₈ --> Rb₂S 

16Rb + S₈ --> 8Rb₂S