Branches of the Nervous Systems
What is the Central Nervous System?
controls balance for walking and standing, and other complex motor functions
injury that occurs when the brain comes in contacted with the skull; often results in dizziness, light sensitivity, and nausea
What is a concussion?
contains the nucleus
What is the soma or cell body?
definition: chemicals released by neurons that stimulate other neurons, muscles, or glands
What are neurotransmitters?
comprised of nerves that brain off from spinal
What is the Peripheral Nervous System?
portion of the brain broken into lobes; controls muscle functions, speech, thought, emotions, reading, writing, and learning
What is the cerebrum?
progressive degeneration of the brain that ultimately results in dementia
What is alzheimer's disease?
branches that receive signals from other cells
What are the dendrites?
definition: an action that is performed as a response to a stimulus and without conscious thought
What is a reflex?
includes sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system
What is the autonomic nervous system?
processing center for sensory information and autonomic control; contains hypothalamus and thalamus
What is the diencephalon?
though this disease does not stem from the nervous system, the nervous system is impacted by the proteins in the myelin sheath being attacked, causing uncontrollable muscle movement
What is multiple sclerosis?
contains schwann cells, nodes of ranvier, and myelin sheaths; transfers signals to other cells and organs
What is the axon?
definition: the change in electrical potential associated with the passage of an impulse along the membrane of a muscle cell or nerve cell
What is action potential?
division that picks up sensory stimuli
What is the afferent or sensory nervous system?
connects brain to spinal cord
What is the brain stem?
disease caused by the degeneration of dopamine releasing neurons; symptoms include: persistent tremors, forward bent walking posture, a shuffling gait, and trouble initiating muscle movement
forms junctions with other cells
What is the axon terminal?
definition: junction or point of close contact between neurons
What is a synapse
division sends directions from the brain to the muscles and glands
What is the efferent or motor nervous system?
birth defect caused by a temporary lack of oxygen that causes brain damage resulting in poorly controlled voluntary muscles, seizures, and/or impaired hearing and eyesight
What is cerebral palsy?
Allows diffusion of ions; located between myelin sheaths
What is are the nodes of Ranvier?
definition: a thing or event that evokes a specific functional reaction in an organ or tissue
What are stimuli?