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Genetic Instructions
Evolution / Brain Scans
CNS / Brain
PNS
Lobes
100
The cell that results when an egg is fertilized. It contains 46 chromosomes, arranged in 23 pairs.
What is a zygote?
100
A technique for studying the structure of the living brain. Nonharmful radio frequencies are passed through the brain, and a computer measures their interaction with brain cells and transforms this interaction into an incredibly detailed image of the brain (or body).
What is a MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scan?
100
Neurons located in the brain and spinal cord. From the bottom of the brain emerges the spinal cord, which is made up of neurons and bundles of axons and dendrites that carry information back and forth between the brain and the body.
What is the Central Nervous System?
100
All the nerves that extend from the spinal cord and carry messages to and from various muscles, glands, and sense organs located throughout the body. It has two divisions: the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system.
What is Peripheral Nervous System?
100
Frontal, Parietal, Occipital, and Temporal
What are the 4 lobes?
200
A hairlike structure that contains tightly coiled strands of DNA. Each cell of the human body (except for the sperm and egg) contains 46 chromosomes, arranged in 23 pairs.
What is a chromosome?
200
An animal with one bump on their back, have the stereotype of usually carrying supplies and water for people through deserts.
What is a camel?
200
The part of the brain that contains the reward/pleasure center, stimulated by food, money, music, attractive faces, and some drugs; contains areas for visual and auditory reflexes, such as automatically turning your head toward a noise; and holds the reticular formation, which arouses the forebrain so that it is ready to process information from the senses.
What is midbrain?
200
That portion of the peripheral nervous system that regulates heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, digestion, hormone secretion, and other functions, as well as maintains the body in a state of optimal balance, or homeostasis. It usually functions without conscious effort, which means that only a few of its responses, such as breathing, can also be controlled voluntarily.
What is autonomic nervous system?
200
An area of the brain that includes a huge area of cortex. It is involved in many functions: performing voluntary motor movements, interpreting and performing emotional behaviors, behaving normally in social situations, maintaining a healthy personality, paying attention to things in the environment, making decisions, and carrying out plans.
What is the frontal lobe?
300
The best psychology teacher you will ever have
What is Mrs. Toner?
300
Darwin's theory that different species arose from a common ancestor and that those species survived that were best adapted to meet the demands of their environments.
What is the theory of evolution?
300
A bridge that connects the spinal cord with the brain and parts of the brain with one another. Cells manufacture chemicals involved in sleep.
What is pons?
300
The subdivision of the autonomic nervous system that is triggered by threatening or challenging physical or psychological stimuli, increasing the body's physiological arousal and preparing the body for action.
What is the sympathetic division?
300
A surgical procedure in which about one-third of the front part of the frontal lobe is separated from the rest of the brain.
What is a frontal lobotomy?
400
A specific segment on the strand of DNA that contains instructions for making proteins; the chemical building blocks from which all the parts of the brain and body are constructed.
What is a gene?
400
A brain scan that measures the activity of specific neurons that are functioning during cognitive tasks such as thinking, listening, or reading.
What is fMRI scans?
400
An area in the hindbrain, located at the top of the spinal cord, that includes a group of cells that control vital reflexes, such as respiration, heart rate, and blood pressure.
What is medulla?
400
The subdivision of the autonomic nervous system that decreases physiological arousal and helps return the body to a calmer, more relaxed state. It also stimulates digestion during eating.
What is the parasympathetic division?
400
A narrow strip of cortex that is located on the back edge of the frontal lobe and extends down its side. It is involved in the initiation of all voluntary movements.
What is the motor cortex?
500
A defect in the X chromosome that can result in physical changes such as a relatively large head with protruding ears, as well as mild to profound levels of mental retardation.
What is Fragile X Syndrome?
500
A technique to measure the function of the living brain. A slightly radioactive solution is injected into the blood and the amount of radiation absorbed by the brain cells is measured. Very active neurons absorb more radioactive solution than less active ones. A computer transforms the different levels of absorption into colors that indicate the activity of neurons.
What is PET (positron emission tomography) scans?
500
A region of the hindbrain that is involved in coordinating movements but not in initiating voluntary movements. It is also involved in short-term memory, following rules, and carrying out plans. Surprising new evidence suggests that it is also involved in learning to perform timed motor responses, such as those required in playing games or sports.
What is cerebellum?
500
A network of nerves that are connected either to sensory receptors or to muscles that you can move voluntarily, such as muscles in your limbs, back, neck, and chest. Nerves usually contain two kinds of fibers: afferent, or sensory, fibers that carry information from sensory receptors in the skin, muscles, and other organs to the spinal cord and brain; and efferent, or motor, fibers that carry information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles.
What is somatic nervous system?
500
The largest part of the brain, consisting of left and right hemispheres, which are connected by a wide band of fibers, the corpus callosum. The hemispheres are responsible for a vast array of responses, including learning and memory, speaking and language, emotional responses, experiencing sensations, initiating voluntary movements, planning, and making decisions.
What is the forebrain?