APUSH me off a cliff
Reasons of Columbus' journey to America
-a new route to Asia and the riches that promised
-Spain was now a modern nation-state and wanted more power through colonization
Consequences of Columbus' journey to America
-brought diseases to the New World
-killed many natives
-led to negative effects in Africa (slave trade)
-decided that they needed labor to work their American plantations
What were the Chesapeake Bay Area Colonies?
-Maryland
-Virginia
Original reasons for settling in the Chesapeake Bay Area Colonies
Maryland
-refuge for Catholics
-established plantations
-majority Protestants
Virginia
-profit for Virginia Company
-gave England territory in America to match Spain and France
Bacon's Rebellion
-started by Nathanial Bacon
-attacked Native American settlements
-burned down Jamestown
-after rebellion England sent reinforcements
Headright System
-encouraging the growth of plantations and importation of servant workers
-masters benefitted not servants
-Virginia and Maryland participated
-whoever paid the passage of a laborer received the right to acquire 50 acres of land
Reasons for German Immigration - 1700s
-mostly settled in Pennsylvania and New York
-They left primarily because of the devastation of the Thirty Years War (1618-1648) and the subsequent wars between the German principalities and France.
Triangular Trade
-industrial goods were sold for a juicy spicy delicious scrumptious yummy profit in America
-20% of slave died
-only 6% of slaves went to America
-majority went to West Indies (Barbados)
Middle Passage
-slaves were from the west coast of Africa
-originally captured by African coastal tribes
-these tribes traded them to European and American merchants
-very bad conditions on ships
Plantation Economy - Results
-gov't run by planters/land owners
-planters were rich
-increases slavery's importance and validated their necessity
-stalled emancipation of slavery
Colonial Government - patterned after? Similarities
-patterned after English Parliament
-all had representative government
-contained more than one person
Manner by which colonists criticized government
- through the press
- Zenger case
-published pamphlets
-Thomas Payne
-basically any form of pubic news to spread ideas
Start of American Revolution
-Parliament abusing their power through acts, taxes, etc.
Strengths/advantages of the colonies
colonies
-New England: good at shipbuilding, fishing, no slaves industry
-Chesapeake: good at farming for necessity
-Southern: good at farming tobacco, indigo, rice for selling
Effects of Revolution on Indian relations on the western frontier
-Indians like British because of Proclamation line
-weren't allowed to colonize passed Appalachians
What was the importance of the French fleet with regards to Yorktown
-blocked Cornwallis escape by land
-blocked British escape by sea
-Cornwallis surrendered to Washington
-ended war
Unicameral vs. Bicameral legislature
-unicameral: A legislature with one legislative or paramilitary chamber
-bicameral: A legislature with two or more houses/chambers
-Great Compromise made gov't bicameral
Strengths of the Articles of Confederation
-declare war and make peace
-enter into treaties and alliances
-create admiralty courts
-creation of the Northwest Territory
-set up territorial gov't
-ordered the lands were surveyed and set grid pattern for sections to be sold
Weaknesses of the Articles of
Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation
-had no control to collect taxes
-weak central gov't
Who did the Articles of Confederation favor?
Confederation favor?
-smaller states because the vote was not based off population
What were the major compromises of the Constitution?
-Great Compromise: Unicameral to Bicameral
-3/5 Compromise: every slave counts for 3/5 of a vote
-Commercial Compromise: fed gov't had the right to regulate interstate and foreign trade
What were the major differences between the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists?
-federalists support federal gov't
-anti did not because they were afraid to lose liberties
Federalism
A system in which power is divided between the national and state governments
Key differences between the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan
-Virginia favored bigger states (by population)
-New Jersey favored smaller states (standard votes)