Presidents
This first president established the tradition of having a cabinet and warned against political parties in his farewell address.
Who was George Washington?
This party was led by Alexander Hamilton and supported strong federal government and manufacturing.
What were the Federalists?
This interpretation says the Constitution should be read exactly as written with no implied powers.
What is strict interpretation?
This tax on imported goods was part of Hamilton's plan to raise revenue and protect American industries.
What is a tariff?
This 1803 land deal doubled the size of the United States for $15 million.
What was the Louisiana Purchase?
This president was known as the "Father of the Constitution" and led the nation during the War of 1812.
Who was James Madison?
This party was led by Thomas Jefferson and favored states' rights and agriculture.
What were the Democratic-Republicans?
This interpretation allows the federal government to have implied powers beyond what's specifically written.
What is loose interpretation?
Hamilton wanted to create this institution to manage the nation's finances.
What is a national bank?
In this affair, French officials demanded bribes from American diplomats.
What was the XYZ Affair?
This second president faced the XYZ Affair and signed the unpopular Alien and Sedition Acts.
Who was John Adams?
Federalists supported this European nation in foreign policy, while Democratic-Republicans opposed it.
What was Britain?
Alexander Hamilton and the Federalists supported this type of constitutional interpretation.
What is loose interpretation?
Hamilton's plan called for paying off all of these from the Revolutionary War to establish national credit.
What are war debts?
This war from 1812-1814 was fought over trade restrictions and impressment of sailors.
What was the War of 1812?
This president called his election the "Revolution of 1800" and purchased the Louisiana Territory.
Who was Thomas Jefferson?
This group of people typically supported the Federalist Party - merchants and these urban residents.
Who were city dwellers?
Thomas Jefferson and the Democratic-Republicans supported this type of constitutional interpretation.
What is strict interpretation?
This was Hamilton's overall goal - to make America economically strong and this.
What is independent?
These 1798 laws made it harder for immigrants to become citizens and illegal to criticize the government.
What were the Alien and Sedition Acts?
This president was the last member of the Federalist Party to hold office.
Who was John Adams?
This type of worker - farmers and these residents - typically supported the Democratic-Republican Party.
Who were rural Americans?
Jefferson struggled with this land purchase because it seemed to violate his belief in strict interpretation.
What was the Louisiana Purchase?
Hamilton served in this cabinet position under George Washington.
What is Secretary of Treasury?
This group of young congressmen pushed for war against Britain in 1812.
Who were the War Hawks?