The Well Newborn
Concerning amount of weight loss
What is 10% of birth weight?
Normal blood glucose range in infants <4 hr and from 4-24 hr
What is glucose > 40 and glucose > 45?
Most commonly abused substance during pregnancy
What is nicotine?
Percentage of full-term babies developing jaundice in the first week after birth
What is 60%?
Self-limited condition with hyperinflation of the lungs and fluid in the lung fissures
What is transient tachypnea of the newborn?
Safe sleeping techniques
What is back to sleep, free of other objects, without cosleeping?
Normal blood glucose at 48 hours
What is glucose > 60?
Second most common substance abused during pregnancy
What is alcohol?
Three causes of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
Increased production: physiologic, hemolysis, polycythemia, cephalohematoma
Decreased hepatocellular uptake: physiologic, prematurity, congenital hypothyroidism, breast milk jaundice, Gilbert, Crigler-Najjar
Prolonged rupture of membranes, crackles on lung exam, maternal fever
What is neonatal pneumonia?
Expected urine output per day in the first 4 days of life
What is one diaper for every day of age up until 4 days old, then 4 wet diapers per day?
Cause of fetal overgrowth in infants of diabetic mothers
What is fetal hyperinsulinemia?
Scoring system used for neonatal abstinence syndrome
What is Eat-Sleep-Console?
Three risk factors for severe hyperbilirubinemia
What are prematurity, maternal diabetes, G6PD deficiency, ABO incompatibility, trisomy 21, cephalohematoma, exclusive breastfeeding, delayed passage of meconium, history of siblings with neonatal jaundice?
What is RDS?
Apgar categories
What are heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflex irritability, and color?
Treatment for persistent hypoglycemia
IV dextrose infusion
Three long-term effects of opioid-exposed neonates
What are motor and cognitive impairments, inattention, hyperactivity, behavioral problems, increased risk for being placed in a foster home, and increase in ADHD?
Hepatomegaly, jaundice, vomiting, cataracts, liver dysfunction. On the newborn screen
What is galactosemia?
Respiratory distress, cyanosis, right-to-left shunting of blood, can be caused by ASDs/VSDs/PDAs
What is pulmonary hypertension?
Five diseases screened for with PA state newborn screening
What are: CAH, congenital hypothyroidism, sickle cell, homocystinuria, hypermethioninemia, MSUD, Pompe, PKU, tyrosinemia, fatty acid oxidation disorders, organic acid disorders, urea cycle disorders, CF, galactosemia (galactokinase deficiency), SCID, Krabbe, X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy?https://newbornscreening.hrsa.gov/your-state/pennsylvania
Three lab tests in the diagnostic evaluation of a baby with persistent hypoglycemia
What are serum glucose, insulin level, cortisol level, GH level, beta hydroxy-butyrate, and free fatty acids?
Substances that are contraindications to breastfeeding
What are illicit opioids, cocaine, or PCP?
Arteriohepatic dysplasia, mutation in the JAG 1 gene causing cholestatic jaundice, paucity of intrahepatic bile ducts, butterfly vertebrae, syndromic facies, and growth retardation
What is Alagille syndrome?
Oligohydramnios, renal agenesis or dysplasia, bell-shaped chest, can be caused by congenital diaphragmatic hernia
What is pulmonary hypoplasia?