The scientific name given to the holes of the nuclear membrane.
What are nuclear pores?
100
The three components of DNA.
What are sugars, phosphates and bases?
100
A change in the specific order of bases that make up a particular gene.
What is a gene mutation (or mutation)?
100
The first step involved in making a protein.
What is a chemical signal?
200
An organelle specialized to produce energy from the sugar glucose.
What is the mitochondria?
200
Located in the nucleus, its function is to make ribosomes.
What is the nucleolus?
200
Located on the DNA, these encode for proteins.
What are genes?
200
The three types of mutations.
What are addition, deletion and substitution mutations?
200
The DNA message for a specific protien is copied into this small molecule.
What is ribonucleic acid (RNA)?
300
Very small organelles that do not have a membrane, are either free to float in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum and are the site of protein synthesis.
What is the ribosome?
300
The organelle that controls all the acivities of the cell.
What is the nucleus?
300
The four bases that make up the middle of the DNA ladder.
What is adenosine (A), thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G)?
300
The three effects of mutations.
What are positive, negative and neutral mutations?
300
Protein is released out of the cell when the vesicle fuses with this part of the cell.
What is the cell membrane?
400
An organelle that packages, but does not sort proteins.
What is the endoplasmic reticulum?
400
Genetic material located in the nucleus.
What is Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)?
400
The predominant form of DNA as it exists in the nucleus. HINT: contains DNA and proteins.
What is chromatin?
400
The least damaging type of gene mutation for the cell.
What is a substitution mutation?
400
The destination for the RNA molecule carrying the coded message for the protien. HINT: Where proteins are made.
What is the ribosome?
500
An organelle that sorts & packages proteins and other materials in the cell.
What is Golgi Body?
500
One of two molecule that ever leave the cell.
What is RNA OR ribosomes?
500
The discoverers of DNA.
Who are Watson & Crick?
500
A technique scientists use to treat mutated genes, often replacing the mutated gene with a healthy copy of the gene.
What is gene therapy?
500
Forms this organelle when it pinches off either the Endoplasmic reticulum OR the Golgi Body.