Political and Social
This word means a refusal to do business with a person, group, business, or entity.
What is a boycott?
The founder of Islam, born around 570 CE, is known by this name.
Who is Mohammad?
This migration to Medina in 622 CE marks the start of the Islamic calendar; it is called the ____.
What is The Hijrah?
The Caliphs (or "Rightly Guided" caliphs)The leaders who followed Muhammad and led the early Muslim community are called the _____.
Who are the Caliphs (or "Rightly Guided" caliphs)?
Followers of Islam are called _____.
Who are Muslims?
Before Islam unified Arabia, people were loyal mainly to this smaller social group rather than a central government.
What are clans or tribes?
Around 610 CE, Muhammad received messages from this angel.
Who is the Angel Gabriel?
The ancient shrine in Mecca that later became central to Islamic worship is called the _____.
What is The Ka'bah?
One of the first four caliphs ruled from 634–644 and expanded the empire; his name was _____.
Who is Umar?
One example of a cultural or scientific development that grew under early Islamic rule.
What are advances in medicine, mathematics, astronomy, architecture (mosques), preservation, and translation of ancient texts?
Name one social change Islam taught about how people should treat others (hint: think caring for the poor, or equality).
What are, Care for the poor and orphans; equality of believers; improved status of women
The first person to accept Muhammad’s message was this woman, who was also his wife.
Who is Khadijah?
What significant action did Muslims take when they returned to Mecca around 630 CE involving the Ka'bah?
What are they removed idols from the Ka'bah and rededicated it to monotheism
After unifying Arabia, Muslims conquered this large neighboring empire to the east (name it).
What is the Persian Empire (Sassanid Empire?
“People of the Book” and why this idea mattered in early Muslim governance.
Who are Jews and Christians, and why is because Muslims often allowed them protected status and certain religious freedoms under Muslim rule
This city was a major trading center and religious site in 6th-century Arabia.
What is Mecca?
This term refers to the belief in a single god
What is monotheism?
Two changes the Muslim community in Medina created that helped unite different tribes.
What are brotherhood over tribal ties; new laws and governance that united diverse groups; respect and treaties with different groups
The Umayyad Dynasty moved the capital to this city and introduced Arabic as a common language.
Where is Damascus?
A city in Islamic Spain became a center of learning.
What is Córdoba (Cordoba?)
Describe what a siege is and give one reason why it might be used in war.
What is surrounding and cutting off a place to force surrender, reasons: to capture a city, to force political submission, to cut supplies
This is why some Meccan merchants opposed Muhammad’s teachings (economic reasons).
What is Merchants feared losing pilgrimage trade and profits because Muhammad taught the rejection of polytheistic idols that attracted pilgrims?
Why the Hijrah (migration) was necessary for the growth of Islam.
What is the Hijrah created the first Muslim community (a single political and religious community) in Medina, allowing Islam to grow with social and political structures supporting it.
One of the places in Western Europe where Islamic forces reached, and the battle that stopped further expansion into Europe.
Where Muslims reached Spain (Al-Andalus), the Battle of Tours stopped expansion into much of Europe
Two long-term impacts of early Islam on trade and learning across continents (two clear points).
What are the control of Silk Road routes and the Mediterranean trade increased the exchange of goods and ideas; preservation and translation of ancient Greek and Roman works helped later European learning and science?