Vocabulary
Smallest particle of an element that retains that element's characteristics
atom
Tiny particle with a negative electrical charge
Electron
Hot, highly ionized, electrically conducting gas
Plasma
Attractive force between two ions of opposite charge
ionic bond
Solution characterizes by the formation of Hydroxide ions
Bases
Average of the mass numbers of an element's isotopes
Atomic Mass
Mass number is the combined number of
Protons and Neutrons
Process of changing from a liquid to a gas
Evaporation
Type of bonding that takes place when Na and Cl combine to form NaCl
Ionic
Many elements are mixtures of
Isotopes
Change of one or more substances into other substances
Chemical Reaction
Tiny particle that has mass and a positive electrical charge
Proton
Densely packed arrangements of particles that take the shape of their containers
Liquid
An atom that gains or loses an electron is a charged particle called
Ion
Soil is an example of a
Heterogeneous Mixture
Change from a gas to a liquid
Condensation
The outermost energy level of an atom contains these (aka: valence)
Electrons
This change of state releases thermal energy
Condensation
An atom in which the outermost energy level is more than half full tends to form what kind of ions?
Negative
Combination of two or more components that retain their identity
Mixture
Spontaneous process through which unstable nuclei emit radiation
Radioactive Decay
The nucleus of an atom is made up of these
Protons and Neutrons
In how many physical states does matter exist in the universe?
Four
Attraction of two atoms for a shared pair of electrons that holds the atoms together
Covalent
Solution containing a substance that produces hydrogen ions in water
Acids