Vocabulary
Our essential questions
What does it mean to be free? How is freedom practiced?
This amendment, ratified in 1865, abolished slavery in the United States.
What is the 13th Amendment?
This African American journalist and activist is best known for her anti-lynching crusade through investigative journalism and advocacy.
Who is Ida B. Wells?
This African American educator and civil rights leader was the first African American to earn a Ph.D. from Harvard University and was a prominent advocate for higher education and racial uplift.
Who is W.E.B. DuBois?
This cultural and intellectual movement emerged in the 1920s and celebrated African American art, literature, and music.
What is the Harlem Renaissance?
This term describes the internal conflict experienced by African Americans due to their dual identity as both American citizens and members of an oppressed racial group.
What is Double Consciousness?
This government agency, established in 1865, provided assistance to newly freed slaves and poor whites after the Civil War.
What is the Freedmen's Bureau?
This African American educator and leader famously advocated for the advancement of African Americans through education and economic self-reliance.
Who is Booker T. Washington?
This organization, founded by a group of African American leaders in 1909, aimed to advance the rights and interests of African Americans through legal strategies and advocacy.
What is the NAACP?
This African American poet and writer, best known for his poem "The Negro Speaks of Rivers," was a leading figure of the Harlem Renaissance.
Who is Langston Hughes?
unity or agreement of feeling or action, especially among individuals with a common interest; mutual support within a group
What is solidarity?
This series of laws passed in Southern states after the Civil War aimed to restrict the rights and freedoms of African Americans.
What are the Black Codes?
This term refers to the system of legalized racial segregation and discrimination that emerged in the Southern United States after the end of Reconstruction, lasting until the mid-20th century.
What is Jim Crow?
These institutions of higher education were established primarily to educate African American students during segregation.
What are HBCUs?
James VanDerZee...
Who captured iconic images of Harlem during the 1920s and 1930s, documenting the vibrant culture and life of the Harlem Renaissance?
the interconnected nature of social categorizations such as race, class, and gender as they apply to a given individual or group
What is intersectionality?
This amendment, ratified in 1868, granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States, including former slaves.
What is the 14th Amendment?
This event (1921), symbolizes the destruction of African American economic prosperity and cultural resilience in the face of racial violence.
What is the Tulsa Massacre?
These helped Black Americans (and other students of color) find community on college campuses.
What are sororities, fraternities, or student organizations?
This poem by Countee Cullen, published in 1925, reflects on the complexities of African American identity and heritage, juxtaposing African and Western cultural influences.
What is Heritage?
the dispersion of a people from their homeland
What is Diaspora?
The Four I's of Oppression.
What are Interpersonal Oppression, Institutional Oppression, Ideological Oppression, and Internalized Oppression?
This landmark Supreme Court decision in 1896 upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation under the "separate but equal" doctrine.
What is Plessy v. Ferguson?
Who was the influential African American educator and activist known for founding the National Training School for Women and Girls and advocating for women's rights and civil rights?
Who is Nannie Hellen Burroughs?
Biased curriculum - white supremacist perspectives
Deficit thinking
Minimizes Black Suffering/Resistance
Lack of investment
Miseducation within the community
What are the arguments by Woodson/in The Mis-Education of the Negro?