The Roman Catholic Church
During the Middle Ages, who held the power?
The Roman Catholic Church held power over 1/3 of all land, the kings of Europe, and social services.
Who was Martin Luther?
Martin Luther was a German Monk in the Roman Catholic Church who started the Protestant Reformation.
Who was John Calvin and what Christian denomination did he start?
John Calvin was a French reformer who emphasized predestination and organized reformed ideas. Churches that come from the tradition he started are the Presbyterian church and some Baptist churches.
What invention played a major role in educating the people about the doctrine of the Roman Catholic Church?
The Printing Press, provide information to the people faster and at a lower cost. Gave control of information to the people rather than the church.
What is the Protestant Reformation?
A movement meant to "reform" or make changes to the beliefs and practices of the Roman Catholic Church.
How did the Roman Catholic Church lose much of its power during the Renaissance?
During the Renaissance, the Church lost much of its power through the plague, scientific advancements, and corruption.
What were the complaints Martin Luther nailed on the door of the church in Wittenberg?
"95 Theses"
Who were the Anabaptists?
Anabaptist means - Re-baptizers
Mennonite, Amish, and Brethren denominations
They disagreed with the baptism of infants and believed baptism was for people old enough to know what was happening.
Peace Church - no government or violence
What outcome did Martin Luther want to gain by nailing the "95 Theses" to the door of the Wittenberg Chruch?
Luther wanted to reform the Roman Catholic Church's beliefs and practices. He did not intend to start a new denomination.
What are the "95 theses" and who wrote them?
The 95 theses were written by Martin Luther. They were a list of reasons Luther thought that the Catholic Church was corrupt.
What caused the people to challenge the authority of the Roman Catholic Church, where many broke away and started their own denominations?
The Protestant Reformation
What specific belief/practice of the Roman Catholic Church sparked Luther to write his famous "95 Theses"?
The selling of indulgences by the church.
What denomination did King Henry VIII start when he broke away from the Roman Catholic Church?
He started the Anglican Church of England, where he put himself in charge.
What effect did the Protestant Reformation have on Christianity?
The Protestant Reformation divided Christianity into countless separate denominations (groups)
What is an indulgence?
Paying money to the Roman Catholic Chruch for the forgiveness of sins in order to gain entrance into heaven.
Why were the selling of indulgences so important to the people of the Roman Catholic Church?
They believed they could buy their loved ones out of Purgatory and into heaven.
Luther translated the Latin Bible into what language?
Luther translated the Latin Bible into German. This allowed the common people to read the scriptures for themselves.
What was King Henry VIII's reason for breaking with the Church?
He no longer wanted to share power with the church. He wanted a divorce that the church would not grant.
What do the Renaissance and the Reformation have in common?
Both the Renaissance and the Reformation were starting over. They promoted individual thinking and new ideas about the current culture. "Re-birth" and "Re-form"
What does the term "Protestant" mean?
A Protestant stems from the word "protest" meaning to protest the Roman Catholic Church. A Protestant is a follower of one of the Christian churches that broke away from the Catholic Church.
Why did people disagree with the baptism of infants in the Roman Catholic Church?
They believed baptism was for people old enough to understand what baptism meant.
What Christian denomination did Martin Luther begin after leaving the Roman Catholic Church?
The Lutheran denomination.
What did King Henry VIII want that his six wives could not provide him?
A son, a rightful heir to the throne.
What was the dominating form of Christianity during the Middle Ages?
Roman Catholicism
The Roman Catholic Church was basically the only form of Christianity during this period of time. It held all the power over government and society.
What does "Sola Fide" mean?
"Only Faith." Luther believed this in this idea, which meant that you didn't get into heaven by Catholic practices like indulgences or penance, "only" by "faith."