System
What are the 3 requirements for respiration?
Surface must be moist
Surface must be large enough to provide O2 and expel CO2
Thin enough for O2 and CO2 to cross
About the bronchi
Two short tubes that branch off the lower end of the trachea
Connects trachea to the lungs
Singular - bronchus
What is pleura?
About Bronchioles
Tiny branches of air tubes in the lungs
Connect bronchi to alveoli (together make lungs)
About the respiratory pathway
Entrance in the mouth and nose
Brings air into body
Has nasal hairs (cilia) and mucus which traps dust, bacteria
Tiny, thin-walled, grape-like clusters at the end of each bronchiole
Surrounded by capillaries (tiny blood vessels)
Where gas exchange take place because of diffusion
What is nasal cavity?
Needs: clean, moist, and warm air
What is the diaphragm? (At least 3 things)
Muscle between the chest and abdomen
Together with intercostal muscles (between the ribs)
Allows air to come in the lungs and air to leave
Inhale - contracts and moves down, intercostal muscles move out
Exhale - relaxes and moves up, intercostal muscles relax and move in
About the Trachea
Air-conducting tube
Connects the back of the throat (pharynx) with the bronchi
Also lined with mucus membranes and cilia
Made of strong cartilage rings