Anatomy
Air sacs in the lung:
alveoli
Please define laryngospasm
Involuntary contraction of the larynx
A _________________________, or air in the pleural space, is also known as a collapsed lung.
Pneum/o/thorax
The abbreviation CXR stands for:
chest x-ray
Pertaining to the voicebox
laryng/eal
Uppermost portion of the lung is called:
Apex
You patient presents with multiple rib fractures after falling down the stairs. You notice they are experiencing painful/difficulty breathing, also known as:
dys/pnea
Your grandfather worked as a coal miner, often inhaling harmful particles. He was later diagnosed with an abnormal condition of dust in the lungs, known as:
pneum/o/coni/osis
The abbreviation PFTs stands for:
Pulmonary function tests
Your patient was diagnosed with lung cancer. The oncologist suggests excision of a lobe of the lung to remove the cancer. This procedure is known as a:
lob/ectomy
Tubes that bifurcate from the windpipe
Bronchi
A high-pitched whistling sound produced during breathing, especially in patients that have asthma.
wheeze
Patients with atelectasis often have a condition of excessive carbon dioxide because there is poor gas exchange in the alveoli. This is known as:
hyper/capn/ia
The abbreviation CPAP stands for:
continuous positive airway pressure
New opening into the trachea
trache/o/stomy
Lymphatic tissue located in the nasopharynx
Adenoids
Snoring is a common symptom of sleep ___________________, or no breathing.
a/pnea
Your patient was diagnosed with tuberculosis and battled the infection for many years. This has caused extensive damage to their lungs, including a chronic condition of widening of the bronchi.
bronchi/ectasis
The abbreviation PTX stands for
pneumothorax
The outer layer of the pleura lying closest to the ribs is known as the
Parietal pleura
The double-folded membrane surrounding the lungs is known as the:
pleura
Your patient presents very short of breath and has blue nail beds. The provider diagnoses them with _____________________, or an abnormal condition of bluish color.
cyan/osis
A condition of a collapsed lung that results from the inability of the alveoli to expand.
atelectasis
The abbreviation ABG stands for
arterial blood gases
Please define phrenic.
Pertaining to the diaphragm
Lid-like piece of cartilage that covers the larynx, preventing food from entering the trachea:
epiglottis
During a dodgeball game, you are struck in the nose, resulting in a nosebleed. This is also known as:
epistaxis
When patients have advanced lung diseases, they're often unable to breath while laying flat. This condition is known as:
orthopnea
The abbreviation COPD stands for:
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
You wake up with a fever, chills, and nausea. You decide to go to urgent care where they test you for the flu. In order to do so, they need to perform a swab pertaining to the nose and pharynx, known as a(n) __________________________ swab.
nas/o/pharyng/eal
Muscle separating the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity:
diaphragm
Various lung conditions can cause pain in the chest wall or pleura, also known as:
pleur/o/dynia
Your patient arrives to the emergency room after a rollover MVA. They present with severe shortness of breath and chest wall pain. Upon review of their chest x-ray, the provider diagnoses them with blood in the pleural cavity due to extensive rib fractures. The patient was diagnosed with a(n):
hem/o/thorax
The abbreviation CPR stand for:
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Your patient recently had a CT of their chest. The radiologist commented on multiple nodules and recommended a biopsy. In order to do so, the provider must use preform a process of visually examining the bronchial tubes, or a(n):
bronch/o/scopy
The essential tissues of an organ or organ system is known as:
parenchyma
The morning after attending a concert of your favorite singer, you experience a condition of a painful voice or hoarseness, after singing along to your favorite songs. This is known as:
dys/phon/ia
Your patient was diagnosed with pneumonia 2 weeks ago. There has been no improvement in their symptoms, and they've recently started spitting blood after prolonged episodes of coughing. This is known as:
Hem/o/ptysis
The abbreviation PE stands for:
Pulmonary embolism
After a dodgeball accident that resulted in a broken nose, you must undergo a surgical repair of the nose, also known as a(n):
rhin/o/plasty
The _____________________ is the most inferior portion of the trachea where it bifurcates into the left and right lung.
carina
Crackling sounds in the lungs heard on auscultation
Rales
Breach in the ___________ of the pleural cavity can cause a collapsed lung
Vacuum
The abbreviation SOB stands for
Shortness of breath
Describe the location of the trachea in relation to the esophagus.
Trachea is anterior to the esophagus
Filling of the lungs is the result of ___________ _________ and ____________ that cause the lungs to inflate and deflate.
muscle contraction and relaxation
A thoracentesis is used to remove fluid from the:
Pleural space
Whooping cough is also known as:
Pertussis
The abbreviation URI stands for:
Upper respiratory infection
Name the 3 divisions of the pharynx
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx