Anatomy of
Anatomy of an Earthquake
Anatomy of an Earthquake
Cause and Effect of Quakes
Earthquakes
Measuring Earthquakes
Name that Mountain
100
Where is the epicenter?
D
100
What part of the earthquake is in the middle of this diagram?
[Double click if you can tell where in the world it is.]
[Triple click if you can name the tectonic plate that forms it.]
epicenter
[off the coast of California]
[Juan de Fuca plate moving along the North American plate]
100
What is a movement or trembling of the ground that is caused by a sudden release of energy when rocks move along a fault.
an earthquake
100
Which does more damage, a longitudinal P wave or a transverse S wave?
a transverse S wave (secondary or shearing wave)
100
What forms when molten rock erupts to the surface, usually when an ocean plate converges with a continental plate causing great stress, but also above hot spots.
[Name the mountain for a double click.]
[Triple click for giving process that forms it.]
a volcano or volcanic mountain
It is formed by subduction.
200
Where is the focus?
A
200
Name two continents that have few earthquakes because there are no tectonic plates located on them.
[Double click if you can ask a question that no one else can answer.]
Any of these: Australia, Africa, Europe, Antarctica
200
You get a click for each type of fault that you can identify.
Normal Reverse Strike-slip
200
Which seismic wave leaves the focus first and travels fastest?
P waves (primary or pressure waves)
200
What type of mountain is described here and shown in the diagram?
These form when tension makes the lithosphere break into many normal faults. Along the faults, pieces of the lithosphere drop down compared with other pieces.
Get a double click for telling what type of fault occurs here.
a fault block mountain
[a normal fault]
300
What does 'C' represent in the diagram?
the fault or fault line
300
What are the lines moving from the epicenter?
[Double click for the type of wave produced by this event.]
seismic waves
300
Which seismic wave is longitudinal; which is transverse?
A 'P' wave is longitudinal; an 'S' wave is transverse.
300
What is the most likely reason that there were no major earthquakes recorded in the interior of the continent of Africa?
No major plate boundaries cut through the continent of Africa.
300
They form when rock layers are squeezed together and pushed upward. They usually form at convergent boundaries.
Folded mountains
400
Identify B in the diagram.
seismic waves
400
What is shown at letter 'J'?
[Double click for the kind of fault.]
[Triple click for the type of mountain that forms here.]
fault
normal fault
fault block mountain
Note the sheer rock face. This is characteristic of fault-block mountains.
400
Complete the sentence.
P waves are ___________ and ___________, while S waves are ___________ and ___________.
P waves are faster and longitudinal while S waves are slower and transverse (or shearing).
400
How much sooner did the P wave arrive at the seismograph than the S wave?
about 200 seconds
400
Its NOT a mountain but:
This is an area of great cracks that forms between two divergent tectonic plates at a Normal fault.
[double click for telling where this one is.]
a rift valley
500
Identify A, B, C and D.
A focus
B seismic waves
C fault
D epicenter
500
What folded mountains are forming from the Indian Plate colliding with the Eurasian Plate?
The Himalayas began forming at an estimated 50 million years ago.
500
Secondary (S) waves and Surface waves are 'shearing' waves. What does that mean?
They vibrate perpendicular to the direction they travel. In other words they are transverse and so carry more energy than Primary (P) waves.
500
What is the difference in the Richter scale and the Moment magnitude scale?
The Richter scale measures the strongest wave that reaches a point. The Moment magnitude scale measures the total strength of an earthquake.
500
These form when tension makes the lithosphere break into many normal faults. Along the faults pieces of the lithosphere drop down compared with other pieces.
[Name this one for a double click.]
the Matterhorn in the Swiss Alps
