Chapter 1-2
business process
What is collection of activities that takes one or more kinds of input and creates an output that is of value to a customer. Creating theoutput might involve activities from different functional areas.
Scalability
What is a characteristic of an information system that indicates the system’s capacity can be extended by adding servers to the network, rather than replacing the entire system. Scalability is a characteristic of client-server networks, but usually not of mainframe-based systems
Bill of Material (BOM)
What is The “recipe” listing the materials (including quantities) needed to make a product.
financial accounting
What is accounting processes that deal with documenting the transactions of a company that have an impact on the financial state of the organization. The documented transactions form the basis for financial statements for external parties and agencies
deployment flowcharting (swimlane flowcharting)
What is a method of flowcharting in which team members are depicted across the top, with each process step aligned vertically under the employee or team working on it.
business function
What is a business activity within a functional area of operation
client-server architecture
What is A central computer–local computer arrangement in which data stored ina central computer (a server) are downloaded to alocal PC (a client of the server) where data are processed. Historically, client-server architecture replaced many companies’ mainframe-based architecture.
cash-to-cash cycle time
What is The time that elapses from when suppliers are paid for raw materials to cash is collected from the customer (used in supply-chain management metrics)
managerial accounting
What is accounting processes that deal with determining the costs and profitability of a company’s activities.
event process chain (EPC)
What is a graphic model of a business process that uses only two symbols: events and functions.
R/3
What is The first integrated information system released by German software vendor SAP
audit trail
What is a linked set of document numbers related to an order.
MRP record
What is the standard way of showing the materials requirements planning (MRP) process on paper.
Extensible Business Reporting Language(XBRL)
What is A standards-based language for the electronic communication of business and financial data.
business intelligence (BI)
What is a term used to describe a range of different applications and technologies used to extract and analyze large amounts of data to aid in decision making. Also, referred to as business analytics
silo
What is an unintegrated information in which individual business functional areas each have their own hardware, software, and methods of processing data and information.
delivery
What is in SAP, release of the documents that awarehouse uses to pick, pack, and ship order
vertical integration
What is the extent to which acompany produces the components and assemblies used in the products it manufactures.
remuneration element
What is part of an employee’spay, such as the base pay, bonuses, gratuities, overtime, sick pay, and vacation allowances the employee has earned during the pay period.
multidimensional data cubes
What is the structure of data in a data warehouse that allows for relationships in the data to be analyzed quickly
open architecture
What is Software that allows integration with third-party software. SAP ERP is anexample of open-architecture software. The term can also be applied to hardware product
condition technique
What is an SAP control mechanismthat accommodates the various ways that companies offer price discount
rough-cut planning
What is A common term in manufacturing for aggregate planning
succession planning
What is outlining the strategy for replacing key employees when they leave the company.
software as a service (SaaS)
What is a software delivery model in which a software product is hosted by a company on its servers and is accessed by customers via a Web browser.