Early Roman History and Mythology
What were the Twelve Tables, and why were they important?
Rome's first code of laws, adopted in 450 B.C. They ensured everyone knew the laws, and no one could dispute or change them.
What does the term "veto" mean, and who had this power in the Roman Republic?
"Veto" means to reject a law. Consuls had the power to veto each other.
Name the 3 major eras that Roman history is divided into.
The Roman Kings, the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire Era
What was the role the consuls in the Roman Republic?
The enforced the laws and controlled the military.
What was the Roman Forum and what took place there?
Center of social and political life in Rome.
How did the Greeks (Athenians) influence Roman voting practices?
The Athenians introduced the concept of citizen participation in governance, which inspired the Romans to create a system where citizens could vote for representatives in assemblies.
Define Republic
A system of government limited by rule of law rather than mob rule.
Where did Aeneas flee after the Trojan War?
Italy
Name three ways the Etruscans influenced Roman culture.
They drained marshes, built temples, expanded the Forum, and influenced Rome's alphabet, numerals, dress, and religion.
How did the Plebeians protest their lack of political power?
They walked out of Rome and threatened to make their own city. It worked! The Senate then created the Assembly.
Who were the Etruscans, and how did they influence Rome?
The first rulers of the Roman Republic who laid the foundation for Roman civilization. They influenced Rome’s language, dress, religion, and architecture.
Who was Cincinnatus, and why is did his legend influence Roman history?
Cincinnatus was a Roman statesman and farmer who became a symbol of civic virtue. He is remembered for being appointed dictator during a military crisis. After successfully leading the Roman army to victory, he voluntarily relinquished his power and returned to his farm, exemplifying humility, selflessness, and devotion to the Republic.
What was the Council of Plebs?
An assembly made up of the lower-class landowners (Plebeians).
What did the Plebeians want during the Conflict of the Orders?
Political equality with the Patricians.
Who was Aeneas, and what is he known for?
A mythical Greek warrior who led the Trojans in the Trojan War - An ancestor of Romulus and Remis (the founders of Rome)
What groups could vote in the Roman Republic? AND what groups could NOT vote?
Inspired by Athens, voting rights were initially limited to free male citizens, but over time, they expanded to include more classes of society.
Groups who could not vote were enslaved people, women, and the poor.
What is the separation of powers? Why is it important?
Dividing power among several branches of government, so one branch doesn't have too much power, and other branches can check eachother.