The Rise of Rome
The Greeks viewed Rome as a ........
Threat - they believed that conflict was inevitable
Who was eligible to be a member of the Assembly?
All male citizens.
Who sought out revenge for caesars death?
Octavian or AKA Augustus
What language did the Romans Speak?
LATIN - Root language for Spanish, Portuguese, French, and Italian; many English words adopted from Latin
What happened as the Roman Empire weakened from within?
Invaders from outside began to attack.
What was prohibited between Patricians and Plebeians?
Get married.
What is the definition of a Republic?
A government in which people elect their leaders to make laws and decisions for them.
What does "Pax Romana' mean?
Roman Peace. During the Pax Romana, starting with Augustus's reign, it was the longest period of peace in the history of the region.
Why was the Roman Law "LAW of TWELVE TABLES" posted for the public?
It was posted in public on bronze tablets for Plebeians to access and understand rights.
What two things mainly caused Romes decline?
Poor government and overexpansion caused many of Rome’s problems.
Similar to the Greeks, this body of water near Rome was essential for its success in trade.
Mediterranean Sea
What was the purpose of a "Forum"?
Was a large public space in the center of a city
This is where people would gather to give speeches and have debates on politic
With Octavian being declared Emperor, the Roman Republic was dead. What type of government was Rome now?
They were an Empire.
What would happen if you were caught practicing Christianity?
Christians were persecuted, or punished by Roman Emperors: arrested, tortured, killed.
After what period did emperors start to ignore the needs of the people and taxed many Romans into poverty?
Pax Romana.
What is the difference between a Patrician and a Plebeian?
Patrician - Wealthy Landowning people who are direct descendants of the founders of Rome. They are a minority of the population.
Plebeian - Ordinary people of Rome can be farmers, craftspeople, etc. They are the majority of the population
Who was Julius Caesar?
He was a successful general whose conquests made him popular with the Roman people.
Why did the "liberators" think Julius Caesar should die?
They thought they were saving the republic.
What did the Roman leaders fear about the quick spread of Christianity?
Roman leaders feared Christianity would spread to all regions of the Empire, and Christians would rebel and take over Rome.
What made people not feel loyal to Rome?
The spread of Christianity weakened loyalty to Rome because Christians believed their first loyalty was to their God, not to the Roman state or emperor.
What City-State in Greece was destroyed after the series of 4 wars with Rome?
Corinth
What role did the Senate play in the Roman Republic, and which group of citizens was allowed to serve in it?
Patricians appointed by the consuls served in the Senate. They made laws, controlled taxes, served for life, and advised or influenced the consuls.
What are two examples of building and engineering during the Roman Empire?
“All roads lead to Rome” - 50,000 miles of road to expand trade and spread Roman culture
Aqueducts (aq-ue-duct) were built and repaired (Aqua Julia, Aqua Virgo, Aqua Claudia, Pont du Gard) they were channels used to carry fresh water to the empire
Forum of Augustus, built to house the Temple of Mars Ultor and provide space for legal proceedings
Arch of Augustus, the first Roman arch with three passageways
Colosseum - a gift to the Roman people, a massive amphitheater made of stone and concrete, with three stories of arched entrances supported by circular columns, that housed 50,000 spectators
Which emperor converted to Christianity, which started the spread of the Christian religion?
Constantine
Rome overexpanded. What does that mean?
Became too large to control.
- communication between territories became difficult
- resources and military aid could not be provided quickly enough to put down rebellions/invasions