Atomic Structure
The smallest unit of matter that still retains chemical properties.
Atom
A substance composed of multiple elements.
Compound
Sugar molecules used for short-term energy
Carbohydrate, saccharide
These molecules perform all the major functions in the cell.
Proteins
A system of organisms interacting with their environment.
Ecosystem
These three particles make up an atom: one positive, one negative, and one neutral.
Proton, electron, neutron
This type of bond involves the mutual sharing of electrons.
Covalent
A chain of many sugar molecules
Polysaccharide
The basic unit of a protein.
Amino acid
Nonliving components of an ecosystem.
Abiotic factors
The positively charged core of an atom, made of protons and neutrons.
Nucleus
The process that transforms substances by rearranging atoms and their bonds.
Chemical reaction
Long chains of carbons used for long-term energy storage.
Lipid, fat
DNA has this structure
Double helix
Organisms that convert abiotic energy into food.
Autotroph
An element is defined by this number.
Atomic number, number of protons
These compounds largely consist of carbon along with hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen, and form the basis for all life.
Organic
This fatty acid contains the maximum number of hydrogens
Saturated fatty acid
The four levels of protein structure: sequence, local arrangements, overall folding, and multiple chains together.
Primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary
The process by which sunlight is converted into chemical energy, and the process of breaking down organic material for energy.
Photosynthesis
This version of an element has a different number of neutrons.
This type of bond is an electrical attraction between oppositely charged atoms and can be thought of as a transfer of electrons.
Ionic
Three fatty acids bonded to a glycerol molecule
Triglyceride
DNA has A-T and C-G pairs; this single-stranded molecule pairs A with U.
RNA (Ribonucleic acid)
Energy cannot be created or destroyed
The law of conservation of energy