Soil
What is in S.O.I.L?
Solid materials, organic matter, invisible gases, and liquids
What percent of water is lost through transpiration?
95%
How much less do non-native plants support biodiversity than natives?
29 times less
What does GIS for?
Geographic Information Systems
What level of the forest is the top level?
Upper canopy
Name the physical properties of soil
Color, texture, bulk density, pore space, and soil/water
Name the 5 organs of a tree
Leaves, stems, roots, flowers, and fruits
What are three of Baltimore Cities biggest invasive plant species?
English Ivy, Japanese Honeysuckle, Chinese Wisteria, Porcelain Berry, Kudzu, or Oriental Bittersweet
What are the top 5 street tree species?
Red Maple, Japanese Zelkova, London Planetree, Littleleaf Linden, and Cherry/Plum
What level of the forest do decomposers live in?
Forest floor
What are the three primary macronutrients plants need?
Nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium
What are the small openings in leaves that control gas exchange and loss of water vapor.
Stomata
How many different species of butterflies and moths are supported by native oak trees?
Over 500 species
What percentage of canopy coverage will there be by 2037 in Baltimore City?
40%
What is the tip of a leaf called?
The apex
What are the two types of soil in Baltimore City?
Piedmont and Atlantic Coastal Plan
Name the parts of a tree trunk
Bark, phloem, cambium, xylem sapwood, xylem heartwood
What is biodiversity?
The variety of life within an ecosystem that support one another
How many sectors are there in Baltimore City for Urban Foresters?
7
Name three threats to the forest
Pollution, fire, construction, deforestation, disease, litter, or habitat loss
Why is soil compaction an issue?
It restricts root growth
There is poor air/water movement
Shallow plant rooting
Promotes erosion
What is the name of the fungi trees have a symbiotic relationship with, and how do they assist each other?
Mycorrhizae; the fungi receive sugars from the tree and the tress receives aid in absorbing water and minerals.
What is one way invasive/non-native plants harm our ecosystem?
They can outcompete/take up space from native plants, do not provide food or shelter for native animals, and they can promote the introduction of other invasive species.
Name two ways the GIS data helps with tree planting
Ensures equity
Able to plan & track tree maintenance
Analysis
Protect vulnerable species
Respond to problems
Report problems
What cycle has the transpiration, condensation, precipitation, and evaporation?
The hydrological/water cycle